Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino

Japanese: サルミエント（英語表記）Sarmiento， Domingo Faustino

Born: February 14, 1811 in San Juan
Died: September 11, 1888. Asuncion. Argentine politician, writer, and educator. President (in office 1868-74). Born into a poor family in the interior, he learned European liberal thought by himself and devoted himself to political movements from his youth. In 1840, he went into exile in Chile, where he established himself as a writer. In 1845, he wrote Facundo, o la civilización y la barbarie, which was written to criticize the dictatorship of J. Rosas and is said to be one of the greatest masterpieces of Latin American literature. After the fall of Rosas in 1852, he was active as a politician and educator in his home country, and during his presidency, he made outstanding achievements in encouraging foreign immigration and spreading primary and secondary education. He was a staunch anti-Spanish person who advocated imitation of the United States, and had a great influence on later generations. A complete collection of his works is available in 52 volumes.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1811.2.14. サンフアン
[没]1888.9.11. アスンシオン
アルゼンチンの政治家，作家，教育者。大統領 (在任 1868～74) 。内陸部の貧家に生れたが，独学で当時のヨーロッパ自由主義思想を身につけ，青年期より政治運動に身を投じた。 1840年チリに亡命し，当地で作家としての地位を確立した。 45年 J.ロサス独裁政権を批判する目的で著わした『ファクンド－文明と野蛮』 Facundo，o la civilización y la barbarieはラテンアメリカ文学の最高傑作の一つといわれている。 52年のロサス失脚後，故国で政治家，教育者として活躍し，大統領時代には，外国移民の奨励，初中等教育の普及にすぐれた業績をあげた。徹底した反スペイン主義者で，アメリカ模倣を唱え，後代に大きな影響を与えた。 52巻から成る全集がある。

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