A city in the southern part of the Judean Hills on the West Bank of the Jordan River in Palestine. It is located southwest of Jerusalem, at an altitude of 930m. It is called Hebron in Hebrew. It was part of the British Mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948, and became part of Jordan in 1950 as a result of the Palestinian War of 1948 to 1949. It has been under Israeli occupation since the Six-Day War of 1967. In January 1997, a part of it came under the control of the Palestinian Authority. It is one of the oldest cities in the world, and is famous as the place of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, David, and other characters in the Bible. It is also one of the four holy sites in both Judaism and Islam. In 2017, the old city from the Mamluk period, centered on the Ibrahim Mosque (known to Jews as the "Tomb of the Patriarchs"), built over the "Cave of Machpelah," believed to be the tomb of Abraham and his wife Sarah, was registered as a cultural heritage site by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. Today, it is an agricultural and commercial center, where traditional glasswork and leather tanning are produced. Population: 160,500 (2005 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
パレスチナ,ヨルダン川西岸のユダヤ丘陵南部にある都市。エルサレムの南西,標高 930mに位置する。ヘブライ語でヘブロン Hebron。1920~48年イギリス委任統治領パレスチナに属し,1948~49年のパレスチナ戦争の結果,1950年にヨルダン領となった。1967年の六日戦争以降,イスラエルの占領下にある。1997年1月のイスラエルとの合意により,一部がパレスチナ自治政府の統治下におかれた。世界最古の都市の一つで,聖書に登場するアブラハム,イサク,ヤコブ,ダビデなどのゆかりの地として有名。またユダヤ教,イスラム教それぞれの四大聖地の一つである。2017年,アブラハムとその妻サラたちの墓とされる「マクペラの洞穴」上に建てられたイブラヒム・モスク(ユダヤ教徒は「族長の墓」と呼称)を中心とするマムルーク朝時代の旧市街が,国際連合教育科学文化機関 UNESCOの世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。今日では農業と商業の中心地で,伝統的なガラス細工やなめし皮が製造されている。人口約 16万500(2005推計)。
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