Sarajevo (English spelling)

Japanese: サラエボ（英語表記）Sarajevo

The capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Located in the central-eastern part of the country, it is a key transportation hub connecting the Adriatic Sea and the Hungarian Plain. It prospered under the Ottoman Empire from the late 15th century, and when Bosnia and Herzegovina was occupied by the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1878, it became the administrative center of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It was also a center of the Serbian independence movement, and in 1914 the Sarajevo massacre occurred, which became the flashpoint of World War I. Industries include steel, pottery, lumber, and food processing, and handicrafts such as textiles and woodworking are also thriving. Iron ore and coal are mined in the northern suburbs of the city. It is the seat of the Catholic bishopric and the Serbian Orthodox bishopric. It is also the center of Islam, with Islamic-style streets, markets, and numerous mosques and churches in the city. There are many educational facilities, including a university. The 1984 Winter Olympic Games were held in the city. In 1992, the Bosnian War broke out following the country's independence from the former Yugoslavia. The city was heavily damaged in street fighting, but the conflict finally ended with the signing of the Dayton Peace Accords in November 1995 and the Bosnia Peace Accords in December. Population: 393,000 (2008).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ボスニア・ヘルツェゴビナの首都。同国中東部，アドリア海とハンガリー平原を結ぶ交通の要地。 15世紀後半からのオスマン帝国の支配下で繁栄し，1878年オーストリア＝ハンガリー帝国にボスニア・ヘルツェゴビナが占領されると，その行政府が置かれた。一方，セルビア人の独立運動の一中心地でもあり，1914年にはサラエボ事件が起こって第1次世界大戦の発火点となった。製鋼，製陶，製材，食品加工などの工業があり，織物，木工品などの手工業も盛ん。市の北郊では鉄鉱石，石炭の採掘も行なわれる。カトリック司教座およびセルビア正教会主教座の所在地。またイスラムの中心地でもあり，市内にはイスラム風の街並み，市場や多数のモスク，聖堂などがある。大学をはじめ，文教施設も多い。 1984年オリンピック冬季競技大会が開催された。 1992年旧ユーゴスラビアからの分離独立に伴ってボスニア・ヘルツェゴビナ紛争が勃発，市街戦で町は大きく破壊されたが，1995年 11月のデートン和平合意，12月のボスニア和平協定の成立でようやく終結した。人口 39万3000（2008）。

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