Harlequin - Kariloku

Japanese: 訶梨勒 - かりろく

〘Noun〙 (transliteration of harītakī) 1. A deciduous tall tree of the Combretaceae family. It is native to China, the Indochina Peninsula, and the Malay Peninsula, and is said to have been introduced to Japan by the monk Ganjin in the 8th century. It can reach a height of 30 meters, and its leaves are oblong and opposite, about 10 centimeters long. The flowers are white. The fruit is brown and oval, and can be used as a laxative and cough suppressant, and the juice can be used to extract a yellow dye called myrobalan. The wood is used for utensils. *Shosoin documents - June 21, 756, Tenpyo Shoho 8th year, Todaiji Temple medicine donation book "One thousand Kariroku" ② = Karirokugan (Karirokumaru) *Essays, Teijo Miscellany (around 1784), 6 "It is said in the ancient records that people would drink Kariroku when going out to battle. This is a medicine called Karirokugan (Karirokumaru) ." ③ A pillar decoration from the Muromachi period. It is made of stone, copper, or ivory and is about 20 cm long, shaped like the fruit of ①, and is placed in a beautiful bag and hung in the living room as a decoration. Since the fruit of ① has medicinal properties, it was originally hung on pillars to ward off evil spirits. [Rigen Shuran (around 1797)]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (harītakī の音写)① シクンシ科の落葉高木。中国、インドシナ半島、マレー半島に産し、日本へは八世紀ごろ僧、鑑真が伝えたといわれる。高さは三〇メートルに達し、葉は約一〇センチメートルの長楕円形で対生。花は白色。果実は褐色の卵円形で、通便、咳止め薬になり、果汁からはミロバランという黄色染料をとる。材は器具用。※正倉院文書‐天平勝宝八年（756）六月二一日・東大寺献薬帳「呵梨勒一千枚」② ＝かりろくがん（訶梨勒丸）※随筆・貞丈雑記（1784頃）六「出陣の時かりろくを呑むと云ふ事旧記にあり。是は訶黎勒丸(かりろくぐゎん)と云ふ薬也」③ 室町時代の柱飾り。①の実をかたどった長さ二〇センチメートルほどの石・銅・象牙製のもので、美しい袋などに入れて座敷に下げて飾りとした。①の実が薬用となるため、邪気ばらいとして柱にかけたのが始まり。〔俚言集覧（1797頃）〕

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