Franco Sacchetti

Japanese: サッケッティ - さっけってぃ(英語表記)Franco Sacchetti
Franco Sacchetti

Italian poet and novelist. Born into a distinguished merchant family in the Free City of Florence, he traveled around Italy on business from a young age, but after returning to Italy he held a key position in the city government. In 1378, the Ciompi Revolution, led by the poor, took place, and a petty bourgeois government was established, but it collapsed within a few years. In his later years, he was invited to serve as an administrator in various cities in northern Italy.

Sacchetti loved poetry from his youth, composing sonnets and canzones, but was more skilled at madrigals and ballads. His most famous work is 300 Novellas (translated into Japanese as Renaissance Talks), and since the author himself calls himself a "dull and unworthy disciple" of Boccaccio, this novel can be seen as imitating the Decameron. In fact, De Sanctis has commented that "the subject matter is the same as that of Boccaccio, but the bourgeois and domestic aspects are more pronounced. Epigrams, jokes, erotic tales, tales of sleazy priests, anecdotes, and small talk pop up. It is a story of low, common life written in a common form." However, when reading the stories that feature mercenary captains, tyrants, jesters, citizens, Dante and Giotto, it becomes clear that Sacchetti does not lack the wit and meanness that is unique to Florence, even while vividly depicting the grittiness and joys and sorrows of everyday life. He was the last writer of the 1300s, after Dante, Boccaccio and Petrarch.

[Hideo Hanano]

"Renaissance Talks" translated by Akihira Sugiura (Iwanami Bunko)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

イタリアの詩人、小説家。フィレンツェ自由市の名門商家に生まれ、若いころから商用でイタリア各地を歩いたが、帰国後は市政府の要職につく。1378年、貧民たちによるチョンピの革命が起こり、小市民政権が樹立されたものの、2~3年で崩壊。晩年には北イタリア諸都市の行政官として招かれたりした。

 サッケッティは青年時代から詩作を好み、ソネットやカンツォーネをつくったが、マドリガルやバラードのほうがむしろ得意であった。代表作は『短編小説(ノベッラ)300編』(邦訳『ルネッサンス巷談集』)で、著者自らボッカチオの「不肖で魯鈍(ろどん)な弟子」と自任しているからには、この小説は『デカメロン』に倣ったものとみてよい。事実、「素材としては、あのボッカチオ的世界と同じだが、よりブルジョア的、家庭的側面が強められている。警句、冗談、艶話(えんわ)、生臭坊主譚(たん)、逸話、世間話が飛び出してくる。庶民的な形式で書かれた庶民的な、低俗な生活である」と、デ・サンクティスは批評している。しかし、傭兵(ようへい)隊長や僭主(せんしゅ)、道化師、市民、ダンテやジョットが登場してくる話を読むと、市井の生活のほこりっぽさや喜怒哀楽を活写するなかにも、フィレンツェ人独得の才気や意地悪さをサッケッティが欠いていないことがわかる。ダンテ、ボッカチオ、ペトラルカ亡きあと、1300年代最後の作家であった。

[花野秀男]

『杉浦明平訳『ルネッサンス巷談集』(岩波文庫)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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