...Using the Explorer series, America not only observed the Earth's vicinity, but also left the Earth to observe the solar system. Furthermore, from the 1960s, they launched a series of larger scientific satellites, including OAO (short for orbital astronomical observatory), OGO (short for orbital geophysical observatory), and OSO (short for orbital solar observatory), to conduct astronomy, geography, and solar observations. Around the 1960s, scientific satellites for observing the Earth, such as TIROS and ESSA, appeared, and early communications satellite experiments were also conducted, using artificial satellites for communication between two points on Earth. While the main focus was on scientific research in space, the technology needed for this was already being applied to everyday life. *Some of the terminology that refers to "orbital solar observatory" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…アメリカはエクスプローラー・シリーズによって,地球周辺のみならず地球を脱出して太陽系の空間観測も行った。さらに1960年代からはより大型の科学衛星として,OAO(orbital astronomical observatoryの略),OGO(オゴ)(orbital geophysical observatoryの略),OSO(オソ)(orbital solar observatoryの略)のシリーズを打ち上げて,天文学,地理学,太陽観測などを行った。60年前後からはタイロス,エッサのような地球を観測する科学衛星の登場とともに,人工衛星を地球上の2点間の通信のために用いる初期の通信衛星の実験も行われ,宇宙空間における科学研究を主体としながらも,同時にそのために必要な技術の生活への応用が早くも開始されていたのである。… ※「orbital solar observatory」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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