Salmon - Salmon

Japanese: サケ(鮭) - サケ

A fish of the salmonidae family. It usually refers to salmon, but it is also used as a general term for a group of salmon including sockeye salmon and chinook salmon. Local names for salmon include shake, akiaji, chum salmon, and tokishirazu. It is 1m long, has oily fins, a blue-gray back, and a silvery-white belly. During spawning season, it develops red spots. During this season, the male's snout protrudes and curves, so it is called a "bent nose." It is found in the Sea of Japan and the North Pacific Ocean, and swims upstream to spawn in the rivers that flow into these waters. The southern limit of its distribution in Japan is the Isumi River in Chiba Prefecture on the Pacific side, and Yamaguchi Prefecture on the Sea of Japan side. Young fish also appear in Sagami Bay. The spawning season is from autumn to winter. Females dig holes in the gravel bottom to spawn, and the top is covered with gravel. Unlike rainbow trout, the parents die after spawning. Hatched young fish travel down the rivers and into the sea in the spring, and after 2-5 years they become adults and travel up the rivers. They are eaten fresh, but are most commonly made into rolled fish, salted salmon, frozen, canned, or smoked. Their eggs are salted and highly valued as salmon roe or salmon roe. They spawn in the rivers where they were born, so artificial collection, hatching, and release of eggs has made it possible to prevent a significant decline in the population. The closely related sockeye salmon (also called benijake or sonemasu) is a more northern species, and its southern limit for swimming up the rivers is the east coast of Hokkaido. It is canned and smoked. Its total length is around 50 cm, but it can reach a maximum of 90 cm. This landlocked form is called kokanee. Chinook salmon are distributed north of Hokkaido, and are the largest of the salmon genus, reaching a total length of nearly 2 m. In the United States, they are eaten as king salmon, but the catch in Japan is small. → Pink salmon/Trout → Related topics Ishikari nabe | Naka River | Sockeye salmon | Mother river nationalism

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

サケ科の魚。サケを指すのがふつうだが，ベニザケ，マスノスケなどを合わせた一群の総称としても使う。サケは地方名シャケ，アキアジ，シロザケ，トキシラズなど。全長1m，あぶらびれをもち，背面は青灰色，腹面は銀白色。産卵期には紅色の斑紋を生じる。またこの時期，雄の吻(ふん)は突出して曲がるため〈鼻曲り〉と呼ばれる。　日本海と北太平洋に分布し，これらに注ぐ川に産卵のため遡(さかのぼ)る。日本における南限は太平洋側では千葉県の夷隅(いすみ)川，日本海側では山口県である。稚魚は相模湾にも出現する。産卵期は秋〜冬。雌は砂礫(されき)底に穴を掘って産卵し，砂礫で上をおおう。ニジマスなどと違って産卵後の親は死ぬ。孵化(ふか)した稚魚は春，川を下って海に入り，２〜５年で成魚となって川を遡る。　鮮魚として食用にするが，最も普通には，新巻(あらまき)，塩ザケ，冷凍，缶詰，燻製(くんせい)などにする。卵は塩漬して筋子やイクラとして珍重される。産卵には，生まれ故郷の川を遡るので，人工的に採卵，孵化，放流することにより，資源の減少をかなり防ぐことが可能になった。　近縁種のベニザケ（ベニジャケ，ベニマスとも）は，より北方型で，遡河の南限は，北海道東岸で，缶詰，燻製などにされる。全長50cm前後であるが，最大90cm。この陸封型がヒメマスである。マスノスケは北海道以北に分布し，サケ属中最大で全長2m近くになる。米国ではキングサーモンといって賞味されるが，日本での漁獲量は少ない。→カラフトマス／マス
→関連項目石狩鍋｜那珂川｜ベニマス｜母川国主義

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