A deciduous tree of the pomegranate family (illustration) cultivated for ornamental, edible, and medicinal purposes. It is found in areas from the eastern Mediterranean coast to northwestern India, and is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees in Southwest Asia. It was introduced to Europe during the Greek period, to China around the end of the 3rd century, and to Japan before the Heian period. It is a small tree with many branches and thorns. The leaves are almost opposite each other and oblong. In June and July, new branches produce crimson flowers. The fruit is spherical, about 6 cm in diameter. A calyx with six lobes remains at the tip. When ripe in September and October, the red outer skin splits open irregularly, exposing the numerous seeds contained in small chambers bounded by a membrane. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
観賞用,食用,薬用に栽培されるザクロ科の落葉樹(イラスト)。地中海東岸から北西インドに至る地方に分布し,西南アジア地域でもっとも古くから栽培された果樹の一つである。ヨーロッパにはギリシア時代,中国には3世紀終りごろ,日本へは平安期以前に渡来している。小高木で分枝が多く,とげがある。葉はほぼ対生し,長楕円形。6~7月,新枝に朱赤色の花を開く。果実は球形で径6cm内外。先端に6裂した萼が残存する。9~10月に熟すと紅色の外果皮が不規則に裂開し,薄膜でくぎられた小室内に存在する多数の種子が露出する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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