It is the night of the full moon on the 15th of every lunar month, but usually refers to the night of the 15th of the eighth lunar month. On this night, people gather to watch the moon, play tug-of-war, and hold sumo matches, and many other events are held to divinate the year. In the lunar calendar, which is based on the phases of the moon, the full moon is the easiest landmark to spot, and has served as a turning point in daily life. There are many examples of festivals held throughout the year that use the full moon as a marker, such as Koshogatsu on January 15th, a prayer festival on February 15th, Umewakagoto on March 15th, the annual spring festivals of shrines around April 15th, the Gion Festival around June 15th, Bon Festival on July 15th, moon viewing on August 15th, and the Shimotsuki Festival on November 15th. In the Tohoku region, there is a custom of looking at one's shadow cast by the moonlight on the fifteenth night of January to tell the fortunes of the year, and in the Ryukyu Islands, a similar custom is performed on the fifteenth night of August. The fact that the fifteenth night was considered a turning point for each month and each year can be seen from the fact that people worship ancestral spirits and tell fortunes for the year. [Kamata Hisako] [Reference] | ViewingSource: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
陰暦の毎月15日の満月の夜のことであるが、通例は陰暦8月15日の夜をいう。この夜、月見をしたり、綱引、相撲(すもう)などを行い、年占(としうら)的行事が多い。月の満ち欠けを基準とする太陰暦では、満月はもっともわかりやすい目印であり、生活の折り目のよりどころとなっていた。1月15日の小正月(こしょうがつ)、2月15日の祈念祭、3月15日の梅若ごと、4月15日ごろの神社の春の例大祭、6月15日ごろの祇園会(ぎおんえ)、7月15日の盆、8月15日の月見、11月15日の霜月(しもつき)祭など、1年を通じて月々の満月を目印として祭りを行う例は多い。東北地方には1月の十五夜に、月の光による自分の影を見て1年の吉凶を占う習俗があるが、同じようなことを南西諸島では8月の十五夜に行っている。十五夜がひと月ごとの境であったり、年の境として意識されたことは、祖霊を祀(まつ)ったり、年占をすることからもうかがえることである。 [鎌田久子] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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