Ch'oe Sihyǒng (English spelling)

Japanese: 崔時亨 - さいじこう（英語表記）Ch'oe Sihyǒng

[Born] King Sunjo 27 (1827)
[Died] 1898. Seoul, Korea, second head of Donghak. His pen name was Maegoldang. He was from Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang Province. He was from poor background, lost his parents at a young age, and is said to have worked at a paper mill for a time. He entered Donghak in 1861, and in 1864 became the second head, succeeding the first head, Choi Je-gu. After the first head was executed in 1864, he traveled around the country to avoid being pursued by the authorities and engaged in missionary work. He published the founder's posthumous works, Dongying Daejeon (Chinese text) and Yongdam Yiji (Korean text), systematizing the doctrine, and worked to strengthen the organization and complete Donghak. In 1894-1895, he launched a movement to expand Donghak in order to gain legitimacy for its missionary work. During the Donghak Peasant War in 1906, he initially took a non-war stance, but after the intervention of the Japanese army, he was forced to participate in the peasant war as the leader of the religious order. He was arrested and executed in 1909.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]純祖27(1827)
[没]光武2(1898).ソウル
朝鮮，東学の第2代教主。号は梅月堂。慶尚北道慶州市の人。貧民の出身で，幼くして父母を失い，一時製紙所で働いていたといわれる。哲宗 12 (1861) 年に東学に入門，同 14年に初代教主崔済愚 (さいせいぐ) の後任として第2代教主に就任。高宗1 (64) 年初代教主が処刑されたのち，官憲の追求を避け各地をめぐりながら布教に従事，教祖の遺著『東経大全』 (漢文) ，『竜潭遺詞』 (朝鮮文) を刊行して教義を体系化し，組織強化に努め東学を完成させた。同 29～30年，東学布教の合法性をかちとるため教祖伸寃運動を展開。同 31年の甲午農民戦争 (東学党の乱) のとき，当初は非戦論的な立場を取っていたが，日本軍の干渉後は教主として農民戦争に参加せざるをえなくなった。光武2 (98) 年に逮捕され，処刑された。

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