Rhizobium - Root nodule bacteria

Japanese: 根粒菌 - こんりゅうきん

Also known as rhizobia. A general term for bacteria that form nodules on the roots of legumes and live in them, forming a symbiotic relationship. The nodules are called root nodules. The genus Rhizobium is a representative example. In a free state, they are motile rod-like bacteria, but when there is a suitable plant, they penetrate the root hairs and stimulate the skin to form nodules, obtaining nitrogen-free compounds, salts, and water from the host while fixing nitrogen from the air and providing it to the host. Several species of legumes, such as astragalus, are used as green manure for nitrogen fertilizer. In the broad sense, rhizobia include actinomycetes of the genus Frankia that form nodules on the roots of non-legumes, such as alder and Deutzia.
→Related topics Atmospheric nitrogen fixation | Rengeso

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

根粒バクテリアとも。マメ科植物の根についてこぶを作らせ，その中に生息しながら共生の関係を結ぶ細菌の総称。またそのこぶを根粒という。リゾビウム属は代表的。遊離状態では運動性の杆(かん)菌であるが，適当な植物があると根毛内に侵入し皮部を刺激して根粒を形成，宿主から無窒素化合物，塩類，水をもらい，一方空気中の窒素を固定して宿主に与える。ゲンゲなどマメ科植物数種は窒素肥料として緑肥とされる。なお，広義の根粒菌としては，ハンノキやドクウツギなどマメ科以外の根に根粒を作るフランキア属の放線菌がある。
→関連項目空中窒素固定｜レンゲソウ

出典　株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて　情報

<<: Conring, Hermann

>>: Root nodule