A peninsula located at the eastern end of Hokkaido, jutting out to the northeast. It is about 65 km long and 25 km wide at its base. The northwest side of the watershed formed by the Shiretoko mountain range faces the Sea of Okhotsk and belongs to Shari Town under the jurisdiction of the Okhotsk General Bureau, while the southeast side faces the Nemuro Strait and belongs to Rausu Town under the jurisdiction of the Nemuro Subprefectural Bureau. The watershed is formed by volcanoes such as Unabetsu-dake (1,419 m), Onnebetsu-dake (1,331 m), Rausu-dake (1,661 m), Iou-zan (1,562 m), and Shiretoko-dake (1,254 m), which make up the Kuril volcanic belt, resting on top of the foundations of Neogene sedimentary rocks, volcanic breccia, and tuff. Of these volcanoes, Iou-zan has recorded four instances of activity since the Meiji period. The coastlines on both sides of the peninsula have been eroded by the sea, with cliffs approaching the sea, and in some places the ends of rivers drop into the sea as waterfalls, creating a landscape of strange rocks eroded by the sea. In areas occupied by Neogene strata, such as near Cape Shiretoko at the tip, coastal terraces have developed, creating a grassland landscape. In addition, there are volcanic dammed lakes, such as the Shiretoko Five Lakes, at the foot of Mount Rausu, and the northern half of the peninsula has been designated as Shiretoko National Park. It is also registered as a World Heritage Site, and rare plants and animals live there, forming a diverse ecosystem that circulates between the sea, mountains, and rivers, along with its rich nature. Rausu Port, located on the east coast at the base of the peninsula, and Utoro Port on the west coast are bustling bases for salmon fishing in the fall, and the two ports are connected by the Shiretoko Crossing Road. The Shiretoko Forest Road (regulations on general vehicles) runs to the middle of the peninsula on the west coast. The place name originates from the Ainu word Shiretoko, which is derived from sir (land) etok (edge), meaning cape, and is believed to have originally referred to Cape Shiretoko or a small cape nearby, before evolving into the broad name for the area. [Jiro Okamoto] "Shiretoko: The God's Land Remaining, Photographed by Goto Masami (1990, Shogakukan)" ▽ "Protecting the Nature of the North: Shiretoko, Chitose River, and Horonobe, by Yagi Kenzo (1995, Hokkaido University Press)" ▽ "Shiretoko, by Kubota Masakatsu (1995, Heibonsha)" ▽ "Shiretoko Peninsula: The Last Unexplored Region - Kanemoto Nobuo Photo Collection, by Kanemoto Nobuo (1997, Kyuryudo)" ▽ "Japan's Mountains and Valleys 1: Shiretoko and Akan, by Taniguchi Junichi (2000, Yama-to-Keikoku-sha)" [References] | | | | | |Near Cape Shiretoko, the tip of the Shiretoko Peninsula, which separates the Sea of Okhotsk from the Nemuro Strait, at the eastern end of Hokkaido. The two-tiered coastal terrace is clearly visible. The northern half of the peninsula is designated as Shiretoko National Park. Kunashiri Island can be seen on the horizon. Part of the World Heritage Site "Shiretoko" (registered in 2005) Shari Town, Shari District, Hokkaido and Rausu Town, Menashi District, Hokkaido © Shiretoko Shari Town Tourism Association "> Cape Shiretoko Located almost in the center of the Shiretoko Peninsula, this is the highest peak of the Shiretoko volcanic group (1,661m above sea level). It is part of Shiretoko National Park and is famous for the alpine flower fields at Rausu-daira near the summit. The photo shows the view from Shiretoko Pass in the southeast. Part of the World Natural Heritage site "Shiretoko" (registered in 2005) Shari Town, Shari District, Hokkaido and Rausu Town, Menashi District, Hokkaido ©East Hokkaido Tourism Business Development Council "> Mount Rausu A 1,562m-high volcano (center in the photo) located in the center of the Shiretoko Peninsula. There are two craters at the summit, and the explosion crater on the northwestern slope continues to be active. On the coastal terrace at the foot of Mt. Rausu, to the west of Mt. Iou, are the Shiretoko Five Lakes (center in the photo), which are volcanic dammed lakes. The entire area is included in Shiretoko National Park. Part of the World Heritage Site "Shiretoko" (registered in 2005) Shari Town, Shari District, Hokkaido © Shiretoko Shari Town Tourism Association "> Mount Iwo A volcanic dammed lake at the northern foot of Mt. Rausu. Part of Shiretoko National Park. The five lakes are named Lake Ichi, Lake B, Lake C, Lake D, and Lake Five. Surrounded by virgin forest, it is a treasure trove of wild animals, including brown bears, and has an elevated boardwalk and ground-level promenade for walks. The photo shows Lake Ichi, and the mountain in the center is Mt. Rausu. Part of the World Heritage Site "Shiretoko" (registered in 2005) Shari Town, Shari District, Hokkaido © Shiretoko Shari Town Tourism Association "> Shiretoko Five Lakes Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
北海道東端にあり、北東に突き出した半島。長さ約65キロメートル、基部の幅約25キロメートル。知床連山からなる分水界の北西側はオホーツク海に面し、オホーツク総合振興局管内の斜里町(しゃりちょう)に、南東側は根室海峡に面し、根室振興局管内の羅臼町(らうすちょう)に属する。新第三紀の堆積(たいせき)岩、火山角礫(かくれき)岩、凝灰岩などを基盤として、その上に千島火山帯を構成する海別岳(うなべつだけ)(1419メートル)、遠音別岳(おんねべつだけ)(1331メートル)、羅臼岳(1661メートル)、硫黄山(いおうざん)(1562メートル)、知床岳(1254メートル)などの火山がのり、分水界を形成している。これらの火山のうち硫黄山は明治以降4回の活動記録をもつ。 両側の海岸線とも火山山麓(さんろく)が海食を受けて断崖(だんがい)が海に迫り、河川の末端が滝となって海に落下する所もあり、海食による奇岩景観が随所にみられる。先端の知床岬付近など新第三紀層の占める部分には海岸段丘が発達し草原景観をつくっている。また羅臼岳山麓には知床五湖などの火山性堰止湖(せきとめこ)もあり、半島北半部は知床国立公園に指定されている。また、世界自然遺産「知床」として登録されており、豊かな自然とともに希少な動植物が生息し、海、山、川を循環する多様な生態系を構成する。半島基部の東岸に位置する羅臼港、西岸のウトロ港は秋のサケ漁の基地としてにぎわい、また両港は知床横断道路で結ばれる。なお、西岸には知床林道(一般車両は規制あり)が半島の中ほどまで通じている。 地名はアイヌ語のシレトコに起源し、その語源はシル(土地)エトク(端)で、岬の意であって、知床岬またはその付近の小岬をさしたものが広域の地名に転化したものとされる。 [岡本次郎] 『後藤昌美写真『知床・残された神の土地』(1990・小学館)』▽『八木健三著『北の自然を守る 知床、千歳川そして幌延』(1995・北海道大学図書刊行会)』▽『窪田正克著『知床』(1995・平凡社)』▽『兼本延夫著『知床半島 最後の秘境――兼本延夫写真集』(1997・求龍堂)』▽『谷口淳一著『日本の山と渓谷1 知床・阿寒』(2000・山と渓谷社)』 [参照項目] | | | | | |北海道東端、オホーツク海と根室海峡とを分ける知床半島先端の知床岬付近。高低2段からなる海岸段丘がよくわかる。半島北半部は知床国立公園に指定されている。水平線上に見えるのは国後島。世界自然遺産「知床」の一部(2005年登録) 北海道斜里郡斜里町・目梨郡羅臼町©知床斜里町観光協会"> 知床岬 知床半島のほぼ中央に位置する知床火山群の最高峰(標高1661m)。知床国立公園に含まれ、山頂近くの羅臼平にある高山植物の花畑が有名である。写真は南東の知床峠からの眺望。世界自然遺産「知床」の一部(2005年登録) 北海道斜里郡斜里町・目梨郡羅臼町©ひがし北海道観光事業開発協議会"> 羅臼岳 知床半島中部に位置する標高1562mの火山(写真奥中央)。山頂部には二つの火口があり、北西中腹にある爆裂火口はいまも活動を続けている。硫黄山の西側、羅臼岳山麓の海岸段丘上には火山性堰止湖の知床五湖(写真中央)がある。一帯は知床国立公園域に含まれる。世界自然遺産「知床」の一部(2005年登録) 北海道斜里郡斜里町©知床斜里町観光協会"> 硫黄山 羅臼岳北麓にある火山性堰止湖。知床国立公園の一部。五つの湖はそれぞれ一湖~五湖と名づけられている。周囲を原生林に囲まれたヒグマなど野生動物の宝庫で、散策用の高架木道と地上遊歩道が整備されている。写真は一湖、中央の山は羅臼岳。世界自然遺産「知床」の一部(2005年登録) 北海道斜里郡斜里町©知床斜里町観光協会"> 知床五湖 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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