Colchicine

Japanese: コルヒチン - こるひちん(英語表記)colchicine
Colchicine

It is an alkaloid found in the seeds and corms of meadow saffron (Colchicum japonica), a member of the lily family. It appears as pale yellow, rod - shaped crystals that dissolve well in water and darken when exposed to light. Its molecular formula is C22H25NO6 , and it has a seven-membered carbon ring structure. It acts on dividing plant cells, inhibiting the formation of the spindle and causing chromosome doubling, so it is used in cytogenetic research and breeding. One example is the breeding of seedless watermelons. As a medicine, it has long been used as a painkiller for gout, but long-term use can cause side effects such as blood disorders, hair loss, rashes, and gastrointestinal disorders. Each tablet contains 0.5 milligrams, and 3 to 4 milligrams are taken 6 to 8 times a day.

[Kobo Bunji and Hoshikawa Kiyochika]

[Reference item] | Colchicum | Gout

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アルカロイドの一種で、ユリ科のイヌサフラン(コルチカム)の種子や球茎に含まれる。淡黄色の棒状結晶で、水によく溶け、光にさらすと黒ずむ。分子式はC22H25NO6で、炭素の7員環をもった構造である。分裂中の植物細胞に作用して紡錘体の形成を阻害し、染色体の倍化をおこすので、細胞遺伝学の研究や育種に利用されている。種なしスイカなどの品種改良はその例である。医薬品としては、痛風の鎮痛剤として古くから用いられてきたが、長期連用により血液障害や脱毛、発疹(はっしん)、胃腸障害などの副作用がみられる。1錠中に0.5ミリグラム含有、1日3~4ミリグラムを6~8回に分けて服用する。

[幸保文治・星川清親]

[参照項目] | コルチカム | 痛風

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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