Kola Peninsula (English spelling)

Japanese: コラ半島 - コラはんとう（英語表記）Kol'skii poluostrov

A peninsula in Murmansk Oblast, northwest of Russia. It juts out about 400 km from northwest to southeast between the Barents Sea and the White Sea. Its area is about 100,000 ^km2 . Geologically, it is part of the Baltic Shield that continues from the Scandinavian Peninsula. It is made up of Precambrian granite and gneiss, with some igneous intrusions. The northern shore forms high cliffs, while the southern shore is lower, with many marshes along the coast. The highest point is 1,191 m in the Khibiny Mountains at the base of the peninsula. There are many lakes, including Lake Imandra. Due to the influence of the warm North Cape Current, the climate is warm for its high latitude, with average temperatures of -8°C in the north in January, -13°C in the central region, and 8°C and 14°C in July. The northern part is a tundra zone, while the southern part is a forest zone. Fishing is practiced along the coast, reindeer herding is practiced inland by the Sami people, and apatite, nepheline, zirconium, etc. are mined mainly in Kirovsk and Apatity, which are close to the Khibiny Mountains. The ice-free port of Murmansk is located on the north coast, and the port of Kandalaksha is located deep in the White Sea on the south coast.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ロシア北西部，ムルマンスク州にある半島。バレンツ海と白海の間に北西から南東に約 400km突出する。面積約 10万 km²。地質構造的にはスカンジナビア半島から続くバルト楯状地で，先カンブリア時代の花崗岩，片麻岩などから成り，火成岩の貫入もみられる。北岸は高い崖をなすが，南岸は低く，沿岸に湿地帯が多い。最高点は半島基部にあるヒビヌイ山地の 1191m。イマンドラ湖をはじめ湖が多い。気候は暖流のノースケープ海流の影響で高緯度のわりには温暖で，平均気温は1月北部で－8℃，中部で－13℃，7月はそれぞれ8℃，14℃である。北部はツンドラ地帯，南部は森林地帯に入る。沿岸で漁業，内陸でサミ人によりトナカイの遊牧が行われるほか，ヒビヌイ山地に近いキーロフスク，アパチートゥイを中心に，リン灰石，霞石，ジルコニウムなどが採掘される。北岸に不凍港ムルマンスク，南岸白海奥にカンダラクシャ港がある。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Column - koram (English)

>>: Madeleine Colani