False clavicle - Gisakotsu

Japanese: 擬鎖骨 - ぎさこつ
False clavicle - Gisakotsu

…In vertebrates with hard bones, the number of bones that make up the shoulder girdle is generally greater in primitive species and less in more advanced species. In archetypal bony fishes, three cartilaginous bones (bones formed by the transformation of cartilage) - the coracoid, scapula, and suprascapular bone - which are considered to be the shoulder girdle elements of cartilaginous fishes - and four dermal bones (bones formed without cartilage) - the clavicle, pseudoclavicular (upper clavicle), suprascapular bone, and posterior temporal bone - are arranged in a crescent shape, forming a so-called "claw" skeleton behind the gill opening, with the left and right clavicles connected at the bottom. Of these, the scapula and coracoid form the skeleton of the pectoral fin. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "pseudoclavicular bone" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…硬い骨を備えた脊椎動物になると,肩帯の構成骨の数は一般に原始的な種類に多く,高等なものほど減少する。原型的な硬骨魚類では,軟骨魚類の肩帯要素とみられる烏口骨・肩甲骨・上肩甲骨という3種の軟骨性骨(軟骨が変化してできる骨)と,鎖骨・擬鎖骨(上鎖骨)・上擬鎖骨・後側頭骨という4種の皮骨(軟骨を経ずにできる骨)の合計7種の骨が三日月形に配列し,鰓孔(えらあな)の後ろのいわゆる“かま”の骨格をつくり,最下部で左右の鎖骨どうしが連結する。これらのうち肩甲骨および烏口骨に胸びれの骨格がつく。…

※「擬鎖骨」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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