Commonwealth - Commonwealth (English spelling)

Japanese: コモンウェルス - こもんうぇるす(英語表記)Commonwealth
Commonwealth - Commonwealth (English spelling)

Currently, it refers to the "Commonwealth" made up of former British colonies. After World War I, as the status of Canada and other dominions improved, the country was formed as a loose confederation with complete independence in domestic and foreign affairs of each country. Since 1949, the name "British Commonwealth" has been replaced by simply "Commonwealth".

Historically, the period during the Puritan Revolution in England when there was no king, or more precisely the period from the establishment of the Republic in 1649 to the establishment of the Protectorate government in 1653, is called the "Commonwealth." Domestically, there was a continuing conflict between Parliament and the military over how far the revolution should be pushed, but externally, it was a period in which a certain degree of stability was being achieved after the civil war, with the Parliamentarians establishing control over the colonies and defeating the Scottish army. (Book version published in 1986)
[Toru Koizumi]

[References] | Commonwealth of Nations

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

現在は旧イギリス領植民地からなる「イギリス連邦」をさす。第一次世界大戦後、カナダその他自治領諸国の地位向上に伴い、各国の内政・外交における完全な独立のもとで、緩やかな連合体として成立した。1949年以降は、「ブリティッシュ・コモンウェルス」という名称にかわって単に「コモンウェルス(連邦)」が正式の名称となった。

 歴史的には、イギリスのピューリタン革命における国王不在の時期、より厳密にいえば1649年の共和政の成立から1653年の護国卿(きょう)政権の成立までの時期を「コモンウェルス」とよぶ。国内的には革命をどこまで推し進めるかについて議会と軍隊が対立を続けていたが、対外的には議会派による植民地支配が確立し、また、スコットランド軍を撃破するなど、内戦後のいちおうの安定を形成しつつある時期であった。(書籍版 1986年)
[小泉 徹]

[参照項目] | イギリス連邦

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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