The area between Australia and Indonesia. It is bounded by the northern coast of Australia (Arnhem Land), the Gulf of Carpentaria, the Torres Strait, the southern coast of New Guinea (West Irian), the Aru Islands, the Tanimbar Islands, and the Timor Sea, and is about 1,300 km from east to west, 600 km from north to south, and covers an area of about 650,000 square kilometers. It is a shallow area of the continental shelf, and the land connecting New Guinea and the Australian mainland became a sea due to the sea rise during the postglacial period. Most of the area is 50 to 80 meters deep. It is often shallow, and together with the Torres Strait, it is a cause of marine accidents. The name comes from an old Portuguese word meaning free people (descriptive of the Aru Islanders). From 1931 (Showa 6), Japanese ships harvested silver lip shells (for buttons), and at their peak, 3,840 tons were harvested (1937), but it was suspended due to World War II. After the war, it was resumed in 1953, but negotiations with Australia, which claimed sovereignty over the continental shelf resources, were difficult, and a dispute arose. Harvesting also declined from 967 tons (1953) and was discontinued in 1962. [Tatsuya Taniuchi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
オーストラリアとインドネシアとの間の海域。オーストラリア北岸(アーネム・ランド)、カーペンタリア湾、トレス海峡、ニューギニア島(西イリアン)南岸、アルー諸島、タニンバル諸島およびチモール海に囲まれ、東西約1300キロメートル、南北約600キロメートル、面積約65万平方キロメートル。大陸棚の浅い海域で、ニューギニア島とオーストラリア大陸とをつなぐ陸地が、後氷期の海進で海となった。水深50~80メートルの部分が多い。浅瀬が多く、トレス海峡とともに海難の原因となっている。名称は、自由人(アル諸島人を形容)を意味する古いポルトガル語に由来する。1931年(昭和6)から、日本船がシロチョウガイ(ボタン用)を採取し、最高時3840トン(1937)を採取したが第二次世界大戦によって中断した。戦後、1953年に再開されたが、大陸棚資源の主権を主張するオーストラリアとの交渉が難航し、紛争となった。採取量も967トン(1953)から減少し、1962年に中止された。 [谷内 達] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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