Robert Koch

Japanese: コッホ(英語表記)Koch, Robert
Robert Koch
Born December 11, 1843 in Krausthal, near Hanover
Died May 27, 1910. German physician in Baden-Baden. Founder of modern bacteriology. Established Koch's four postulates to determine whether a specific bacterium is the pathogen of a certain disease. This led to rapid development of bacteriology. In 1876, he experimentally proved that a specific bacterium was the cause of anthrax, and in 1881, he devised a method of pure culture of bacteria in a medium of gelatin and meat juice. In 1882, he discovered the tuberculosis bacillus, and in 1883, he traveled to Egypt and India to study cholera, where he also discovered the cholera bacillus. In 1885, he became a professor at the University of Berlin, and in 1990, he created tuberculin from the tuberculosis bacillus. In 1891, he established the Institute for Infectious Diseases in Berlin, and served as its director until 1904. People from all over the world came to this institute to learn about modern bacteriology. One of these people was Kitasato Shibasaburo, known as the father of bacteriology in Japan. He made great contributions to the prevention of various infectious diseases, such as rinderpest, amoebic dysentery, plague, malaria, and sleeping sickness. In 2005, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on tuberculosis research.

Koch
Koch, Heinrich Gottfried

[Born] 1703. Gaylor
Died January 3, 1775. Berlin. German actor. In 1728, he joined C. Neuber's troupe, where he excelled in the role of Harpagon in Molière's comedy The Miser. After the troupe disbanded, he joined J. Schönemann's theater company in Göttingen (1748). In 1750, he formed his own theater company in Leipzig, where he performed classical French tragedies with recitation-like dialogue and traditional ballet-like movements. In 1756, he premiered G. Lessing's Miss Sarah Sampson, setting the tone for German national theater. In 1774, he premiered Goethe's Götz von Berlichingen (1773), a harbinger of the Stormy and Dramatic Era.

Koch
Koch, Martin

Born: December 23, 1882 in Stockholm
[Died] June 22, 1940. Hedemora Swedish novelist. One of the pioneers of proletarian literature. He spent his childhood in Stockholm and later moved to Hedemora, where he lived for the rest of his life. Although he was not from a working-class background, his father ran away from home when he was young, and he grew up in hardship. Disgusted by his studies, he dropped out and threw himself into the labor movement, contributing to its journal while pursuing a career as a writer. His representative works include Arbetare (1912), Timmerdalen (13), and Guds vackra värld (16).

Koch

Please see the "Koktseyus" page.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1843.12.11. ハノーバー近郊クラウシュタール
[没]1910.5.27. バーデンバーデン
ドイツの医師。近代細菌学の開祖。特定の菌がある疾患の病原体であると決定するためのコッホの4原則を確立。これにより細菌学が急速に発展した。 1876年に炭疽の原因が特別な細菌であることを実験的に証明し,81年ゼラチンに肉汁を入れた培地で,細菌を純培養する方法を考案した。 82年に結核菌を発見,83年エジプトとインドにコレラ研究のため出張してコレラ菌を発見した。 85年ベルリン大学教授,90年には結核菌からツベルクリンをつくった。 91年ベルリンに伝染病研究所をつくり,1904年まで所長であったが,この研究所へは全世界から近代細菌学を学ぶため,人々がやってきた。日本の細菌学の父といわれる北里柴三郎もその一人である。牛疫,アメーバ赤痢,ペスト,マラリア,睡眠病など各種の伝染病を研究し,予防に尽した功績は大きい。 05年,結核研究の業務に対しノーベル生理学・医学賞を受けた。

コッホ
Koch, Heinrich Gottfried

[生]1703. ゲイラー
[没]1775.1.3. ベルリン
ドイツの俳優。 1728年 C.ノイバーの一座に加わって活躍。モリエールの喜劇『守銭奴』のアルパゴンなどを得意とした。一座が解散後,ゲッティンゲンの J.シェーネマンの劇団に参加 (1748) 。 50年にはライプチヒに自分の劇団を結成,フランスの古典悲劇を朗誦的なせりふ回しとバレエ的な動きによる伝統的演技で上演。 56年 G.レッシングの『ミス・サラ・サンプソン』を初演し,ドイツ国民演劇の方向を決定した。 74年には,疾風怒濤時代の先ぶれであるゲーテの『ゲッツ・フォン・ベルリヒンゲン』 (73) を初演した。

コッホ
Koch, Martin

[生]1882.12.23. ストックホルム
[没]1940.6.22. ヘデモラ
スウェーデンの小説家。プロレタリア文学の先駆者の一人。ストックホルムで幼年時代をおくり,のちヘデモラに移住,終生同地に居住。労働者階級の出身ではないが,幼時に父が家出し,辛苦のなかで育った。学業に嫌気がさして中退し,労働運動に身を投じて,その機関紙に寄稿しつつ,作家の道を進んだ。代表作『労働者たち』 Arbetare (1912) ,『材木の谷』 Timmerdalen (13) ,『神々の美しき世界』 Guds vackra värld (16) 。

コッホ

「コクツェーユス」のページをご覧ください。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Vincent van Gogh

>>:  Kocher, Emil Theodor

Recommend

Smythson, R.

...Alberti applied a design of a combination of o...

Mori Kaku

Politician and businessman. His name is correctly...

mute

…An instrument or device for reducing the volume ...

Maba-ren (English spelling)

The skull of a fossil human excavated from the lim...

Aberdeen Angus

...It ripens and fertilizes early, and has good m...

Aureomycin

...It has antibacterial properties against a wide...

Malonic acid - Maronsan (English spelling)

It is an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. It is found...

Kawachi Waka

…Other types of narration are amateur narration p...

Platanthera

...A terrestrial orchid of the Orchidaceae family...

modern craft

... Such new expressions can already be seen in a...

Carthagean - Carthagean

...Breeds are broadly divided into short-haired a...

Unsettled - Unsettled

...a tribe living in the tropical lowlands of the...

Bone shaker

…Around 1861, Pierre Michaux and others from Fran...

Egyptian lupine

...Those used as feed and green manure include th...

Euzkadi

…The unified name Basque originated from the Roma...