Geography in geological time. It often refers to the distribution of land and sea in the past, as well as paleotopography, but also includes paleoclimate distribution and paleobiogeography. The field that studies paleogeography is called paleogeography, and it estimates the location of coastlines and the state of topography at the time of deposition from the distribution, type, properties, and structure of sediments, as well as the distribution, species composition, and occurrence of plant and animal fossils. The relative positions of past continents can also be reconstructed from evidence of paleobiogeography and paleomagnetism. Based on the evidence obtained in this way, the paleogeography of a certain region for a certain period of time is compiled into a paleogeographical map after reconstructing the relative positions of the coastlines and changes in their positions due to continental drift and faults, and the changes in paleogeography and their causes (for example, plate tectonics such as past plate movements) are discussed. [Katsumi Abe and Tomoo Ozawa, August 19, 2015] "Introduction to Geological History: The Geological Clock" by D.L. Eicker, translated by Masae Omori (1971, Kyoritsu Shuppan)" ▽ "Lectures on Archaeological Geography: General Theory and Research Methods" edited by Kenjiro Fujioka et al. (1982, Gakuseisha) [References] | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
地質時代における地理。過去における海陸の分布や古地形をさす場合が多いが、ほかに古気候分布、古生物地理も含まれる。古地理を研究する分野を古地理学といい、堆積(たいせき)物の分布、種類、性質、構造と、動植物化石の分布、種構成、産出状況などから、堆積当時の海岸線の位置や地形の状態を推定する。また過去の大陸の相対的位置は、古生物地理や古地磁気の証拠から復原することができる。こうして得た証拠をもとに、ある期間のある地域の古地理は、大陸移動や断層による相対的位置の変化や海岸線の位置などを復原したのち、古地理図にまとめられ、古地理の移り変わりやその原因(たとえば過去のプレート運動などのプレートテクトニクス)が論じられることになる。 [阿部勝巳・小澤智生 2015年8月19日] 『D・L・アイッカー著、大森昌衛訳『地史学入門 地質時計』(1971・共立出版)』▽『藤岡謙二郎他編『講座考古地理学 総論と研究法』(1982・学生社)』 [参照項目] | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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