Urnfield Culture

Japanese: Urnfield Culture(英語表記)UrnfieldCulture
Urnfield Culture

…The oldest known cremation is from the XV-XII layers of Tepe Gaura in Iraq (Uruk period, 4000 BC). In Europe, it was rarely seen in the early Neolithic period (Danubian culture), but flourished from the later period to the Bronze Age, and the name of the culture (Urnfield Culture) was given to the practice of placing cremated bones in urns. The oldest known example of bone washing, reburial, and secondary burial is from the Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük in Turkey (6000 BC), where the body was buried in the open air, left for birds and insects to eat, and then the bones were wrapped in cloth or mats and buried under the floor of a house. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Urnfield Culture" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…知られる最古の火葬はイラクのテペ・ガウラXV~XII層(ウルク期,前4000年)の実例である。ヨーロッパでは新石器時代初期(ダニューブ文化)にまれにみられるが,後期から青銅器時代にかけて大いに栄え,火葬骨を壺に納めたことが文化の名称(火葬骨壺墓地文化Urnfield Culture)に取り上げられるほどである。洗骨葬,再葬,二次葬などとされるものの最古の例は,新石器時代トルコのチャタル・ヒュユク(前6000年)のものであって,遺体を風葬し,鳥や昆虫についばませて骨だけとした後,布かマットに包んで住居の床下に土葬している。…

※「Urnfield Culture」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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