Hu-ren; Hu-jên

Japanese: 胡人 - こじん（英語表記）Hu-ren; Hu-jên

A general term used by Chinese to refer to the ethnic groups of the North and Western Regions. After the rise of the Xiongnu at the end of the 3rd century BCE, Hu was used as a synonym for the Xiongnu, but in the Han Dynasty, people from the Western Regions were sometimes called Hu. In the Tang Dynasty, the term mainly referred to people from the Western Regions, but sometimes also referred to northern ethnic groups. In the former case, it could refer to people in East Turkistan as well as those in Persia, Daxi, and India, and sometimes only to the people of Sogdi.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国人が北方や西域の諸民族をいう汎称。前3世紀末に匈奴が勃興してからは，胡は匈奴の同義語として用いられたが，漢では西域人を胡ということもあった。唐代でも主として西域人をさしたが，北方民族をさしていうこともあった。前者の場合，東トルキスタンの住民のほかに，ペルシア，大食やインド方面のものまでをさすこともあり，またソグドの住民だけを胡ということもあった。

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