Ottawa Conference - Otawakaigi (English name)

Japanese: オタワ会議 - おたわかいぎ(英語表記)Ottawa Conference
Ottawa Conference - Otawakaigi (English name)

The British Empire Economic Conference was held in Ottawa, Canada for one month from July 21, 1932. Representatives from the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and the Dominion of Ireland, as well as India and Southern Rhodesia attended. The purpose of the conference was to strengthen the economic ties of the British Empire in order to rebuild the economy of the British Empire, which was suffering from the Great Depression. Topics included general trade issues, currency and finance issues, and the issue of the Preferential Tariff Agreement. The Imperial Preferential Tariff Agreement that was established was important in that it set higher tariff rates for countries outside the empire than those within the empire, creating a kind of economic bloc. As a result of this agreement, trade within the empire showed relatively smooth progress thereafter, bringing great benefits not only to the UK but also to the dominions and colonies. However, the establishment of this Imperial Preferential Tariff Zone encouraged protectionism in the United States and other great powers, promoting the formation of world economic blocs and becoming a distant cause of World War II.

[Mayako Ishii]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

1932年7月21日から1か月間、カナダのオタワで開かれたイギリス帝国経済会議。イギリス本国とカナダ、オーストラリア、ニュージーランド、南アフリカ、アイルランドの各自治領、およびインド、南ローデシア植民地の代表が出席した。会議の目的は、世界恐慌にあえぐイギリス帝国の経済再建のため、帝国の経済的紐帯(ちゅうたい)をより強固にすることにあった。議題は、一般通商問題から通貨・金融問題、特恵関税協定問題などにわたった。成立した帝国特恵関税協定は、帝国外の国々には帝国内より高い関税率を設定し、一種のブロック経済圏を実現した点で重要である。同協定により、帝国内貿易はその後相対的に順調な進展を示し、本国のみならず自治領、植民地にも多大の利益をもたらしたが、このような帝国特恵関税圏の設定は、アメリカをはじめ他の列強国の保護主義を助長したため、世界経済のブロック化を促進し、第二次世界大戦の遠因をつくることとなった。

[石井摩耶子]

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