In 105 BC, the Cimbri annihilated five legions of the Roman regular army near Arausio in the province of Narbonensis (now Orange, France). Rome had already been defeated by the Cimbri several times since 113 BC, but the defeat at Arausio was the first major defeat in the history of Roman-Germanic relations and symbolized the decline of Rome's military power due to the decline of small and medium-sized peasants. In the wake of this defeat, Marius was appointed consul for two years from 104 to 101 BC, and was put in charge of defending against the Germans with an army that included propertyless citizens. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
前105年キンブリ族がガリア・ナルボネンシス州のアラウシオArausio(現,フランスのオランジュ)近郊で,ローマ正規軍の5軍団を全滅させた戦い。すでに前113年以来ローマは数度キンブリ族と衝突して敗れていたが,アラウシオでの敗戦はローマ・ゲルマン交渉史上ローマが喫した最初の大敗北であり,また中小農民の没落によるローマの軍事力低下を象徴するものであった。この敗戦の衝撃を背景に,マリウスが前104‐前101年,連年コンスルに起用され,無産市民を編入した軍隊で対ゲルマン防衛の任にあたった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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