Five Mountains, Ten Temples, and Various Mountains

Japanese: 五山･十刹･諸山 - ござんじっせつしょざん

The official temple system of Zen temples (Zen Buddhist temples) has three levels of temple status, with Gozan being the highest. During the Song Dynasty in China, Zen temples, which had become closer to the bureaucratic class, introduced the bureaucratic mechanisms of the general public into Zen temple management, establishing the official temple system. The Five Mountains and Ten Temples, said to be named after the Five Temples and Ten Pagodas of India, were established during the Southern Song Dynasty. The Five Mountains, the top five Zen temples, are Jingshan Xingsheng Manju Zen Temple, Beishan Jingde Lingyin Zen Temple, Taibai Tendo Jingde Zen Temple, Nanshan Jingci Jinzu Hoen Koukou Zen Temple, and Ashoka Hirori Zen Temple. The Ten Temples next to the Five Mountains are Eijo Temple, Manju Temple, Xingguo Temple, Koukou Temple, Ziseng Temple, Ryusho Temple, Chongsho Temple, Horin Temple, Ungan Temple, and Kyochu Temple.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

禅林(禅宗寺院)の官寺制度における3段階からなる寺格で，五山を最高位とする。官僚階級との接近をみた中国宋代の禅林は，一般社会の官僚機構を禅林運営に導入して官寺制度を確立し，インドの五精舎･十塔所にちなんだといわれる五山･十刹は南宋代に設定された。最上位の5ヵ寺の禅寺である五山は，径山（きんざん）興聖万寿禅寺，北山景徳霊隠（りんにん）禅寺，太白山天童景徳禅寺，南山浄慈（じんず）報恩光孝禅寺，阿育王山広利禅寺で，五山に次ぐ十刹は永祚寺，万寿寺，興国寺，光孝寺，資聖寺，竜翔寺，崇聖寺，宝林寺，雲岩寺，教忠寺の10ヵ寺である。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

<<: May 30th Movement

>>: Wu Sangui - Go Sankei