In Islamic history, it refers to a central figure, or notable, of a certain dynasty, region, city, or group. In particular, in the Ottoman Empire from the mid-18th century onwards, it refers to local notables who became wealthy through the management of cihtrikis (large farms) and tax collection contracts (irtizam) and took control of administrative affairs at the district (kaza) level. The word originates from an Arabic plural form meaning "eye." Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イスラム史上,ある王朝,地域,都市,集団などの中心的人物,すなわち名士をいう。特に 18世紀中葉以後のオスマン帝国において,チフトリキ (大農場) の経営や徴税請負 (イルティザーム) などを通じて富裕化し,郡 (カザー) レベルの行政を掌握した地方名士をいう。語源は「目」を意味するアラビア語複数形の一つ。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
>>: Ayahuasca (English spelling)
… [Toru Yamamoto]. … *Some of the terminology tha...
…All Mannerist works show, on the one hand, the e...
Also known as the Act of Supremacy. Statutes enac...
A perennial grass of the family Poaceae (APG clas...
This is a treatise on Noh by Zeami, the master of...
In ancient times, this was a type of decoration a...
...Of these, it often refers to a group of python...
This is the diary of Tamon'in Eishun, a schol...
...A prominent British Jewish family whose founde...
1810-1884 A painter from the late Edo to Meiji pe...
...This process is repeated, with each warhead tr...
It was one of the household institutions for the r...
…the name of a general term for a group of mammal...
〘Noun〙① Buddhist term. One of the Buddhist rituals...
Located in Liyu Village, Hunyuan County, Shanxi Pr...