The French nobility consisted of the following four families, all close relatives of the royal family. The first began in 1344 when Philip VI, founder of the House of Valois, established the Duchy of Orléans for his fifth son, Philip, and died out within his generation. The second was established in 1392 when Charles VI granted the Duchy of Orléans to his younger brother Louis d'Orléans (1372-1407). His son Charles d'Orléans (1391-1465) became the central figure of the Armagnac faction and fought against the Burgundians. Charles' son Louis ascended to the throne as Louis XII in 1492 and annexed the Duchy of Orléans to the French crown. Later, in 1626, Louis XIII appointed his younger brother Gaston d'Orléans (1608-60) as Duke of Orléans, starting the third line, but he also had no heir, and upon his death, Louis XIV's younger brother Philippe I (1640-1701) became Duke of Orléans in 1660. This fourth line is the most famous, and includes Philippe II (1674-1723), regent for Louis XV, Philippe Égalité (1747-93), who became the leader of the liberal aristocracy during the French Revolution, and his son Louis Philippe, who ascended to the throne in 1830 and established the July Monarchy. [Haruhiko Hattori] ©Shogakukan "> House of Orléans / Brief family tree Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの貴族で、王家近親の次の4家系からなる。第一は、1344年バロア朝の創始者フィリップ6世が第5子フィリップのためにオルレアン公領を創設したのに始まり、その一代で断絶した。第二は、1392年シャルル6世が弟ルイLouis d'Orléans(1372―1407)にオルレアン公領を与えて成立。その子シャルルCharles d'Orléans(1391―1465)は、アルマニャック派の中心となり、ブルゴーニュ派と争った。シャルルの子ルイは1492年ルイ12世として王位につき、オルレアン公領をフランス王領に併合。その後ルイ13世は、1626年王弟ガストンGaston d'Orléans(1608―60)をオルレアン公とし、第三の家系が始まるが、彼にも後継ぎがなく、その死とともに1660年ルイ14世の弟フィリップPhilippe Ⅰ(1640―1701)がオルレアン公となる。この第四の家系がもっとも有名で、ルイ15世の摂政(せっしょう)フィリップPhilippe Ⅱ(1674―1723)、フランス革命期に自由主義貴族の首領となったフィリップ・エガリテPhilippe Égalité(1747―93)、その子で1830年王位につき七月王政を開いたルイ・フィリップなどを含んでいる。 [服部春彦] ©Shogakukan"> オルレアン家/略系図 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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