Assistant - Hohitsu

Japanese: 輔弼 - ほひつ

Under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan (Meiji Constitution), this refers to advice given by the Ministers of State, the Minister of the Imperial Household, and the Minister of the Interior regarding the exercise of the Emperor's powers. According to Article 55 of the Meiji Constitution, the Ministers of State were each independently responsible for advising the Emperor. In contrast, the Constitution of Japan requires the "advice and approval" of the Cabinet regarding the Emperor's acts in matters of state ("advice and approval" is legally binding on the Emperor), and clarifies the responsibility of the Cabinet to the people regarding the Emperor's acts in matters of state (Article 3, Article 66, Clause 3).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

大日本帝国憲法 (明治憲法) 下において，天皇の権能の行使につき国務大臣，宮内大臣および内大臣が行なった助言のこと。明治憲法 55条によれば国務大臣は各個独立して天皇に対する輔弼責任に任じていた。それに対して日本国憲法は，天皇の国事行為につき，内閣の「助言と承認」を要求し (「助言と承認」は天皇に対して法的拘束力をもつ) ，天皇の国事行為に関し内閣の国民に対する責任を明確にしている (3条，66条3項) 。

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