Defense contributions

Japanese: 国防献金 - こくぼうけんきん

Cash donations made by citizens to the military in wartime to produce weapons and support soldiers. During the Manchurian Incident, 4 million yen in relief donations were made to the Army, but the donations were not always made voluntarily. In 1932, each prefecture launched a donation campaign called the Patriotic Airplane Donation Campaign, in which local government organizations, with the cooperation of veterans' associations and youth groups, semi-compulsorily allocated contributions from cities and towns to each household. Newspaper companies also competed to call on citizens for donations. A defense donation campaign was also promoted, centered around the shipbuilding industry labor union, and in June 1933, the Japan Industrial Labor Club was formed as a unified front organization for the Japanese nationalist labor movement, based on this campaign.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

戦時に兵器の生産や軍人援護のために国民が軍に拠出した現金。満州事変の際は400万円に及ぶ恤兵（じゆつぺい）寄付金が陸軍に寄せられたが，拠出は必ずしも自発的なものばかりではなかった。1932年に各府県が愛国飛行機献納運動と称して取り組んだ献金運動は，地方行政機構が在郷軍人会や青年団の協力のもとに市町村から各戸へと負担額を半強制的に割り当てたものであった。新聞社も競って国民に献金を呼びかけた。また造船業の労働組合を中心に国防献金運動が進められ，33年6月にはこの運動を母体として日本主義労働運動の戦線統一組織である日本産業労働俱楽部が結成された。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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