Wu Yu - Gogu

A modern Chinese thinker. His pen name was Yuling. He was from Chengdu, Sichuan Province. In 1907 (Meiji 40), he traveled to Tokyo to study modern thought, where he combined Western thought with Laozi and Zhuangzi to create his own unique critical stance on Confucianism. However, after returning to his hometown of Chengdu, he was forced into seclusion by the oppression of the Qing Dynasty and the Yuan Shikai government. In 1916, he contributed an article to the magazine New Youth, entitled "The Family System is the Foundation of Despotism," and published a series of scathing essays critical of Confucianism, including "The Harm of Confucians Advocating the Class System," and played a part in the New Culture Movement (literary revolution). He was called "the old hero who defeated the Kong Family School with one hand" (Hu Shi). He later served as professor at Beijing University and Sichuan University, but lived a secluded life in his later years. His collected writings include "Wu Yu Wen Lu" (1921), "Wu Yu Wen Zulu Bie Lu" (1932), and "Wu Yu Diary" (1986).

[Matsuyuki Maruyama March 18, 2016]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国近代の思想家。字(あざな)は又陵(ゆうりょう)。四川(しせん／スーチョワン)省成都(せいと／チョントゥー)の人。1907年（明治40）東京に遊学して近代思想に接し、老荘思想に西洋思想を加えて独自の儒教批判の立場を築くが、成都に帰郷後は清(しん)朝および袁世凱(えんせいがい)政府の弾圧にあって逼塞(ひっそく)していた。1916年雑誌『新青年』に「家族制度こそ専制主義の基礎である」を寄稿したのをはじめ、「儒家が階級制度を主張することの害毒」など痛烈な儒教批判の論文を次々に発表して新文化運動（文学革命）の一翼を担い、「隻手(せきしゅ)で孔家店を打倒した老英雄」（胡適(こてき)）と称せられた。その後北京(ペキン)大学教授、四川大学教授を歴任したが、晩年は隠遁生活を送った。著述集に『呉虞文録』（1921）『呉虞文続録別録』（1932）『呉虞日記』（1986）がある。

［丸山松幸　2016年3月18日］

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