Conjugate base - kyoyakuenki (English spelling) conjugate base

Japanese: 共役塩基 - きょうやくえんき(英語表記)conjugate base
Conjugate base - kyoyakuenki (English spelling) conjugate base

According to the Danish Brønsted acid-base theory, a substance that receives a hydron (all hydrogen ions including a proton 1 H + and a deuteron 2 H + = 2 D + ) is called a base. The substance that gives the hydron is called the conjugate acid of the base. In the Brønsted acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a molecule or ion that gives H + to another molecule, and a base is defined as a molecule or ion that receives H + from another molecule, and acids and bases are in a conjugate relationship with each other through H + . According to this definition, when the acid HA is dissolved in water H 2 O, which acts as a base, H + moves between the two pairs of conjugate acids and bases.


If we look at the reaction from right to left in this dissociation equilibrium equation, H 3 O + gives H + to A - . Here, A - is the conjugate base of HA, HA is the conjugate acid of A - , H 3 O + is the conjugate acid of H 2 O, and H 2 O is the conjugate base of H 3 O + . In the first and second examples in the table , we can see that water can be either an acid or a base depending on the partner. The fourth example is the self-acid-base dissociation of water.

[Iwamoto Shinbu]

[Reference] | Acid | Bronsted
Conjugate Bases (Table)
©Shogakukan ">

Conjugate Bases (Table)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

デンマークのブレンステッドの酸塩基理論によってヒドロン(陽子プロトン1H+と重陽子ジュウテロン2H+2D+を含むすべての水素イオン)H+を受け取る側となる物質。ヒドロンを与える側はその塩基の共役酸となる。ブレンステッドの酸塩基理論では、酸とはH+を相手に与えるような分子あるいはイオン、塩基とは相手からH+を受け取るような分子あるいはイオンと定義され、酸と塩基は互いにH+を間にして共役する関係にある。この定義に従うと、酸HAが塩基として作用する水H2Oに溶けると、H+は2対の共役酸塩基の間を移動する。


この解離平衡式で右から左への反応に注目すれば、H3O+がA-にH+を与えている。ここで、A-はHAの共役塩基、HAはA-の共役酸であり、H3O+はH2Oの共役酸、H2OはH3O+の共役塩基である。の第一と第二の例では、水が相手しだいによって酸にも塩基にもなりうることがわかる。第四の例は水の自己酸塩基解離である。

[岩本振武]

[参照項目] | | ブレンステッド
共役塩基〔表〕
©Shogakukan">

共役塩基〔表〕


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