Wu Yu-zhang (English name)

Japanese: 呉玉章 - ごぎょくしょう（英語表記）Wu Yu-zhang

Born: Guangxu 4 (1878). December 30, 1878. Sichuan, Rong
[Died] December 12, 1966. Beijing Chinese educator and politician. In 1903, he studied in Japan. Influenced by Kotoku Shusui and others, he joined the Tongminghui. In 1911, he returned to China and led the Rongxian Uprising, becoming a pioneer of the Xinhai Revolution. In 1913, during the anti-Yuan struggle, he went into exile in France, and after returning to China in 1922, he became the principal of Chengdu Higher Normal School and founded the Young Communist Party of China. In 1925, he went to Beijing and joined the Chinese Communist Party, and in 1926, during the period of Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, he became a member of the Kuomintang's central executive committee. After participating in the Nanchang Uprising in 1927, he went into exile in the Soviet Union, during which time he invented a new Latinized Chinese character together with Qu Qibai. In 1935, he went to Paris, edited the "Saving the Nation Times," and returned to China in 1938. In 1945 he was elected to the Central Committee, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China he served in important positions such as member of the People's Government, representative of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, president of Renmin University, vice chairman of the Historical Society, and honorary chairman of the Natural Sciences Specialist Society. In 1964 he was elected as the Sichuan representative to the 3rd National People's Congress and became a Standing Committee member. His works include "The Problem of Simplified Chinese Characters" (56) and "The Xinhai Revolution" (61).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]光緒4(1878).12.30. 四川，栄
[没]1966.12.12. 北京
中国の教育家，政治家。光緒 29 (1903) 年日本に留学。幸徳秋水らの影響を受けて同盟会に参加。宣統3 (11) 年帰国して栄県起義を指導，辛亥革命のさきがけとなった。 1913年反袁闘争のなかでフランスに亡命，帰国後 22年成都高等師範学校校長となり中国青年共産党を結成。 25年北京に行き中国共産党に入党し，国共合作期の 26年国民党の中央執行委員。 27年南昌暴動に参加後，ソ連に亡命，その間，瞿秋白 (くしゅうはく) とともに中国語ラテン化新文字を創案。 35年パリに行き，『救国時報』を編集し，38年帰国。 45年中央委員に選ばれ，中華人民共和国成立後は，人民政府委員，政治協商会議代表，人民大学学長，史学会副主席，自然科学専門学会名誉主席などの要職をつとめ，64年，第3期全国人民代表大会の四川代表に選出され，常務委員となった。著書に『簡化漢字問題』 (56) ，『辛亥革命』 (61) などがある。

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