German politician. Born in Kassel. After working as a printer, he joined the Social Democratic Party and edited the party newspaper. In 1903 he became a member of the Imperial Diet, and in 1911 he joined the party's executive committee and became a leader of the right wing. During World War I, he cooperated with the war effort and promoted a policy of "peace within the castle," but later called for a "peace of reconciliation." In October 1918, he joined Max's cabinet, but resigned on November 9. That same afternoon, he proclaimed the creation of a republic from the balcony of the Reichstag, greatly influencing the progress of the revolution. After joining the Council of People's Representatives, he became the first Prime Minister of the Republic in February 1919, but resigned in June in opposition to the Treaty of Versailles. In 1926, he caused a stir by exposing the cooperation between the Wehrmacht and the Red Army in the Reichstag. He went into exile in 1933, and died in Copenhagen on November 29, 1939. [Toshio Matsu] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの政治家。カッセルに生まれる。印刷職人を経て社会民主党に入党、党新聞の編集に携わる。1903年に帝国議会議員、1911年には党幹部会に入り、右派の指導者となった。第一次世界大戦では戦争遂行に協力し、「城内平和」政策を推進したが、のち「和解の平和」を要求、1918年10月マックス内閣に入閣したが、11月9日に辞任し、同日午後、国会のバルコニーから共和国の宣言を行って革命の推移に大きな影響を与えた。人民代表評議会に参加後、1919年2月、共和国初代首相となったが、ベルサイユ条約に反対して6月に辞職した。1926年には国会で国防軍と赤軍の協力を暴露して話題をよんだ。1933年に亡命し、1939年11月29日、コペンハーゲンで死去した。 [松 俊夫] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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