Zodiacal light

Japanese: 黄道光 - こうどうこう
Zodiacal light

A faint band of light that appears as a triangle or tongue extending from the horizon to the midheaven in the eastern sky before dawn or in the western sky after dusk. It is called zodiacal light because it follows the ecliptic on the celestial sphere. It is particularly easy to observe in the evenings of spring and early mornings of autumn, when the ecliptic makes the largest angle with the horizon.

Zodiacal light is seen when sunlight is scattered by tiny particles of dust a few micrometers in diameter that are distributed like a convex lens around the Sun along the orbital planes of the planets in the solar system. It appears brighter the closer it is to the Sun and fainter the further away it is, but on closer observation it can be seen that it travels in a great circle around the sky along the ecliptic.

[Sadao Murayama]

Zodiacal light
Zodiacal light spreads across the eastern sky before dawn. A tongue-like band of light stretches out from the horizon (bottom photo). Photographed at Norikura Corona Observatory (now Norikura Observatory) © National Astronomical Observatory of Japan ">

Zodiacal light


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

夜明け前の東天や日暮れ後の西天に地平線から中天に向かって三角形あるいは舌状に伸びて見える淡い光の帯。天球上の黄道に沿っているので黄道光とよばれる。とくに春の夕方と秋の明け方には黄道が地平線に対してもっとも大きな角度をなすので観測しやすい。

 黄道光は、太陽系の惑星などの軌道面に沿って、太陽を中心に凸レンズ状に分布している直径数マイクロメートルくらいの微塵(みじん)が日光を散乱しているために見られるもので、見かけ上も太陽に近いところほど明るく、離れるにしたがって淡くなるが、詳しく観測すると、黄道に沿って大円上に天を一周していることがわかる。

[村山定男]

黄道光
夜明け前の東天に広がる黄道光。地平線(写真下)から光の帯が舌状に伸びる。乗鞍コロナ観測所(現、乗鞍観測所)にて撮影©国立天文台">

黄道光


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