A steel plate with a tensile strength (maximum stress that can withstand breaking) of about 500 to 1000 megapascals and a yield point (stress at which plastic deformation due to tension suddenly begins) of 300 megapascals or more. Also called low-alloy high-tensile steel. Commonly known as high-tensile steel. The strength of steel increases with increasing carbon content, but weldability decreases. Therefore, a weldable and tough steel plate, i.e. high-tensile steel, was created by reducing the carbon content to 0.2% or less and adding small amounts of manganese, silicon, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, niobium, boron, etc. High-tensile steel of 500 to 600 megapascals is used as it is after hot processing, but high-tensile steel of 700 megapascals or more is used after quenching from the red-hot state and tempering at around 650°C after quenching. The former (non-tempered steel) is relatively inexpensive and is used in large quantities for bridges, oil storage tanks, etc. The latter (tempered steel) is used in industrial machinery, large vehicles, city gas tanks, liquefied natural gas storage tanks, long bridges, etc. The use of high tensile steel allows the thickness of structural materials to be made thinner, which is extremely advantageous in terms of weight and space, but it increases the risk of corrosion during use. Weathering steel and seawater-resistant steel are products that improve this issue by adding phosphorus, copper, and chromium. With the development of the liquefied gas industry, low-temperature steels with the addition of nickel and niobium were developed to improve toughness at low temperatures. Also, in the 2000s, ultra steel, an ultra-steel material with strength and lifespan more than twice that of conventional steels, was developed primarily for thick steel plates. [Hajime Sudo] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
引張り強度(破断に耐える最大応力)が500~1000メガパスカル程度、降伏点(引張りにより塑性変形が突如始まるときの応力)が300メガパスカル以上の鋼板。低合金高張力鋼ともいう。俗称ハイテン。鋼の強さは炭素含有量の増加に伴い向上するが、溶接性が低下する。そこで炭素量を0.2%以下にして、マンガン、ケイ素、クロム、モリブデン、バナジウム、チタン、ニオブ、ホウ素などを少量添加した、溶接可能で靭性(じんせい)の高い鋼板、すなわち高張力鋼がつくられた。500~600メガパスカル級高張力鋼は熱間加工のままで使用されるが、700メガパスカル級以上の高張力鋼は赤熱状態から焼入れ後650℃付近で焼戻しを行って使用される。前者(非調質鋼)は比較的安価であり、橋梁(きょうりょう)、石油貯蔵タンクなどに多量に用いられる。後者(調質鋼)は産業機械、大型車両、都市ガスタンク、液化天然ガス貯蔵タンク、長大橋などに使用される。高張力鋼を使用すれば構造材の肉厚を薄くすることができるので、重量的にも空間的にもきわめて有利であるが、使用中腐食による危険が増す。リン、銅、クロムを添加してこの点を改善したものが耐候性鋼、耐海水鋼などである。液化ガス工業の発展に伴い、低温での靭性を改善する目的でニッケルやニオブを添加した低温用鋼が開発された。また2000年代に入り、厚鋼板をおもな対象として、従来鋼の2倍以上の強度や寿命の超鉄鋼材料ultra steelが開発された。 [須藤 一] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
<<: Emperor Guangxu (English: Emperor Guangxu)
...A literary trend that aimed to express the tho...
Also known as kin selection. This refers to the na...
Also known as Mizoro Pond, this pond is located a...
King of England (reigned 1199-1216). Son of Henry ...
It is a semi-solid petroleum wax obtained by solv...
The decision-making body for bondholders (→bonds)....
…The similar seaweed, Mozuku, has a thin body les...
…[Michio Inaba]. … *Some of the terminology refer...
…In German it is called Genossenschaft, in French...
Born March 15, 1830, Saint-Foy-La Grande, Gironde ...
...In the third volume of the Man'yoshu, ther...
A ceramic artist and painter from the mid-Edo per...
A squid of the Cephalopoda family (illustration). ...
...Due to inaccuracies that occur in gyros and ac...
…In 1821, Santo Domingo declared its independence...