A critical movement against China, Confucius, and Confucianism. From 136 BC, when Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty made Confucianism the official teaching of the state, until the Qing dynasty was destroyed by the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, was respected as the highest figure in China. During that time, there were thinkers who challenged the authority of Confucius, such as Wang Chong of the Later Han dynasty and Li Zhuowu of the Ming dynasty, but his authority remained unshakable for 2,000 years. Critical movements against Confucius and Confucianism finally began to surface in history after the Opium Wars of 1840, as China's feudal dynastic system collapsed. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
中国,孔子および儒教に対する批判運動。前136年,漢の武帝が儒教を国定の教えとしていらい1911年に辛亥革命で清朝が滅亡するまで,儒教の祖である孔子は,中国における最高の人格として尊重されてきた。その間,後漢の王充,明の李卓吾など,孔子の権威に異を唱えた思想家がなかったわけではないが,その権威は2000年間,ゆるぎないものとして存在した。孔子あるいは儒教に対する批判的な動きは,1840年のアヘン戦争以降,中国の封建的王朝体制が崩壊してゆくなかで,ようやく歴史の表面にあらわれてくる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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