Vassals - Kashindan

Japanese: 家臣団 - かしんだん

During the Sengoku period, standing armies were organized by feudal lords out of a need for a powerful military organization with centralized power. Family members and hereditary retainers were placed as chief retainers and magistrates at the center of the ruling structure, and the vassals of the former local feudal lords who were subordinate to them were made into tozama and kokushu, and were incorporated as fictitious families called kachu, encouraging them to live in the castle towns. All military corps were organized into groups, and lower-ranking samurai (reto, nakama, komono, etc.) were placed under the command of group leaders. Oda Nobunaga in particular organized a specialized military corps (retainers' group) using local samurai who had separated from agricultural management and mercenaries. After the separation of soldiers and farmers due to the sword hunt, a more thorough organization of vassals of early modern daimyo was created.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

戦国時代，権力集中型の強力な軍事組織の必要から戦国大名が編制した常備軍。支配機構の中心の家老・奉行に一族・譜代(ふだい)を置き，服属したもと在地領主層の家臣を外様(とざま)・国衆とし，擬制的な家である家中(かちゅう)として取り込み，城下集住を進めた。軍団はすべて組別に組織し，下級武士（郎党・中間・子者など）は組頭の指揮下におかれた。特に織田信長は農業経営から分離した地侍層と傭兵を活用した専業の軍団（家臣団）を組織している。刀狩による兵農分離後，より徹底した近世大名の家臣団組織ができる。

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