Agency of Industrial Science and Technology

Japanese: 工業技術院 - こうぎょうぎじゅついん
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology

A special organization established under the Ministry of International Trade and Industry based on Article 8 of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry Establishment Act and the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology Establishment Act. Its predecessor, the Industrial Technology Agency, was renamed the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology in 1952. In January 2001, the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology was abolished due to the government reorganization, and after serving as the Industrial Science and Technology Environment Bureau of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, it was relaunched as an independent administrative institution in April of the same year as the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and then transitioned to a National Research and Development Agency in April 2015.

The Agency of Industrial Science and Technology's objectives were to contribute to the prosperity of the economy by comprehensively carrying out research and testing work on science and technology in mining and manufacturing, improving production technology and disseminating the results. The Agency had two internal bureaus: the General Affairs Department and the Standards Department. The General Affairs Department was responsible for the coordination of comprehensive policies on matters related to science and technology in projects under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, personnel matters, accounting and auditing, coordination and promotion of the establishment and implementation of research and testing plans and other business plans of the testing laboratories affiliated with the Agency, and the planning and coordination of comprehensive policies for the progress and improvement of science and technology in mining and manufacturing according to the characteristics of each region. The Standards Department was responsible for the overall supervision of the investigation, establishment, implementation guidance and promotion of industrial standards, and for the coordination of liaison and coordination with international standardization organizations, as well as the implementation of certification, designation and approval of industrial standards. The Tsukuba Center had 15 testing laboratories in total, including the Research Institute for Industrial Technology Integration, the Research Institute for Metrology, the Mechanical Technology Research Institute, the Materials Engineering Industrial Research Institute, the Biotechnology and Life Science Industrial Research Institute, the Geological Survey of Japan, the Electrotechnical Laboratory, and the National Institute for Resources and Environment, and the Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute, the Tohoku Industrial Research Institute, the Nagoya Industrial Research Institute, the Osaka Industrial Research Institute, the Shikoku Industrial Research Institute, the Chugoku Industrial Research Institute, and the Kyushu Industrial Research Institute.The Japanese Industrial Standards Committee was also an affiliated organization.

The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, which was re-established to take over from these organizations, has research bases in Tokyo and Tsukuba, as well as regional research centers such as the Hokkaido Center, the Tohoku Center, and the Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute.

[Kazukazu Hirata]

[Reference item] | National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

通商産業省設置法第8条、工業技術院設置法に基づき、通商産業省に置かれていた特別の機関。前身の工業技術庁が、1952年(昭和27)に工業技術院と改称。2001年(平成13)1月の省庁再編により工業技術院は廃止され、経済産業省の産業技術環境局および経済産業省産業技術総合研究所を経て、同年4月独立行政法人化し産業技術総合研究所として再発足、さらに2015年4月、国立研究開発法人に移行した。

 工業技術院は、鉱工業の科学技術に関する試験研究業務の総合的遂行、生産技術の向上とその成果の普及により経済の興隆に寄与することを目的としていた。工業技術院には、内部部局として総務部と標準部が置かれていた。総務部は、通商産業省の所掌にかかわる事業の科学技術に関する事項についての総合的施策の連絡調整、人事に関すること、会計および会計の監査、工業技術院所属の試験研究所の試験研究計画その他の業務計画の設定および実施の調整・促進、鉱業および工業の科学技術の地域の特性に応じた進歩および改良についての総合的な施策の立案および連絡調整に関する事務等をつかさどっていた。また、標準部は、工業標準の調査、制定、実施指導および普及奨励の総括、国際標準化機関との連絡調整に関する事務その他の国際標準化、工業標準にかかわる認定、指定および承認の実施に関する事務等をつかさどっていた。試験研究所として、つくばセンターに、産業技術融合領域研究所、計量研究所、機械技術研究所、物質工学工業技術研究所、生命工学工業技術研究所、地質調査所、電子技術総合研究所、資源環境技術総合研究所が、地域研究所として北海道工業技術研究所、東北工業技術研究所、名古屋工業技術研究所、大阪工業技術研究所、四国工業技術研究所、中国工業技術研究所、九州工業技術研究所があり、合計15の試験研究所が置かれていた。また、付属機関として日本工業標準調査会があった。

 なお、これらを引き継いで再発足した産業技術総合研究所には、研究拠点として、東京本部、つくば本部のほか、北海道センター、東北センター、福島再生可能エネルギー研究所などの地域研究拠点がある。

[平田和一]

[参照項目] | 産業技術総合研究所

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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