Sangyōchi - Sangyōchi

An area where a triple trade association (a type of trade association) consisting of geisha houses, teahouses, and restaurants is organized. As these businesses were limited to designated areas approved by the police station (currently business locations are restricted under the supervision of the Public Safety Commission), the name came to indicate that the area was licensed for the triple trade. In addition to being used as a general name, it is also called the "xx triple trade area" with the local area's name attached. The triple trade association was first formed in the early Meiji period by rented houses, teahouses, and prostitutes in brothels, and in Kyoto's Pontocho area, a five trade association was formed by adding geisha and kogata, but due to a shift in power between the brothels and the entertainment district, the "triple trade area" came to refer to the entertainment district. The land of a dual trade association excluding teahouses is called a "dual trade area."

[Yoichi Harashima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

芸妓(げいぎ)屋、待合(まちあい)、料理店からなる三業組合（同業組合の一種）が組織されている区域。これらの営業は、警察署の認める指定地に限られたため（現在は公安委員会の監督下で営業地は制限される）、三業の営業許可地であることを示す称呼となった。一般名称として使うほか、地域名を冠して○○三業地という。三業組合は、明治初年に遊廓(ゆうかく)で貸座敷、引手茶屋、娼妓(しょうぎ)の三者が結成したのが先で、京都先斗(ぽんと)町では芸妓、小方を加えて五業組合をつくったこともあったが、遊廓と花柳界の勢力交替により、三業地は花柳街をさすことになった。なお、待合を除く二業組合の土地を二業地という。

［原島陽一］

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