Gentō County

This is one of the four Korean commanderies (four Han commanderies) that were established after the defeat of Weishi Joseon by Emperor Wu of Han in an expedition to Korea. Two of the four commanderies, Lintun and Zhenfan, were soon abolished, and the location and borders of the two commanderies, Lelang and Xuantu, are not necessarily clear. Xuantu commandery in particular gradually retreated westward with the rise of Goguryeo power. It was established in 107 BC, and its commandery is assumed to have been near Ji'an in Jilin Province, but there are other theories. Thirty years later, its commandery was moved to the old city of Xingjing (Xingjing in Liaodong Province), and in 106 AD, it retreated to the area around present-day Fushun City. Both county capitals were called Goguryeo counties and continued to exist until the Three Kingdoms period, but were conquered by Goguryeo at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty (315).

[Lee Sung-si]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、漢の武帝の朝鮮遠征によって衛氏(えいし)朝鮮が滅ぼされ、その結果設置された朝鮮四郡（漢四郡）の一つ。4郡のうち、臨屯(りんとん)、真番(しんばん)の2郡はまもなく廃され、楽浪(らくろう)、玄菟の2郡についても郡治の位置や境域は、かならずしも明確でない。とくに玄菟郡は高句麗(こうくり)勢力の興隆に伴ってしだいに西方へ後退した。その設置は紀元前107年であり、郡治は吉林(きつりん／チーリン)省集安(しゅうあん／チーアン)付近に推定されるが異説もある。そののち三十数年にして郡治は興京(こうけい)老城（遼東(りょうとう)省興京）に移り、紀元106年には現在の撫順(ぶじゅん／フーシュン)市付近に後退した。郡治はいずれも高句麗県とよばれ、その後、三国時代まで存続したが、西晋(せいしん)の末（315）に高句麗に攻略された。

［李　成　市］

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