Amami rabbit - Amami no Kurousagi (English spelling)

Japanese: アマミノクロウサギ - あまみのくろうさぎ(英語表記)Amami rabbit
Amami rabbit - Amami no Kurousagi (English spelling)

It is a member of the order Lagomorpha and family Leporidae. It is found only on Amami Oshima and Tokunoshima. In 1921 (Taisho 10), it was designated as the first national natural monument in the animal category, and in 1963 (Showa 38). It lives in holes dug under rocks or underground. It is nocturnal, but occasionally can be seen in forest thickets during the day. It eats ferns, silver grass, bark, and other plant matter. In captivity, it prefers apples, which are not found in Amami. It gives birth to one or sometimes two naked, closed-eyed babies in a nest twice a year, in October-November and April-May. Except when the mother and baby are together, it acts alone outside the nest. Its short hind legs are suitable for climbing up and down steep mountains. It is characterized by a high-pitched cry it makes when moving. The head and body length is 44.5 cm. Compared to normal rabbits, the ears and nose are shorter, and it is a "living fossil" that belongs to the subfamily Leporinae along with the Mexican rabbit and the Japanese red rabbit. The population is estimated at 5,000, but there are concerns that it may become extinct due to deforestation and other factors.

[Yoshihiro Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱ウサギ目ウサギ科の動物。奄美(あまみ)大島と徳之島だけに分布する。1921年(大正10)に動物部門では第一号の国の天然記念物に、また1963年(昭和38)には特別天然記念物に指定された。岩の下や地中に穴を掘ってすむ。夜行性であるが、まれに日中でも森林の茂みで観察されることがある。食物はシダ、ススキ、樹皮などの植物質のものである。飼育下では、奄美にはないリンゴを好んで食べる。10~11月と4~5月の年2回、育児巣の中に、赤裸で閉眼の子を1子、まれに2子産む。雌親と子がいっしょの場合以外は、巣の外で単独で行動する。短い後肢は急峻(きゅうしゅん)な山を登り降りするのに適する。移動するとき甲高い鳴き声を発するのが特徴的である。頭胴長44.5センチメートル。普通のウサギと比べて耳や鼻骨が短く、メキシコウサギやアカウサギとともにムカシウサギ亜科に属する「生きた化石」的存在である。生息数5000と推定されるが、森林破壊などで絶滅が心配される。

[林 良博]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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