The Humiliation of Canossa - The Humiliation of Canossa

Japanese: カノッサの屈辱 - カノッサのくつじょく（英語表記）Canossa

This was a conflict between Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII in 1077, in which the papacy triumphed over the imperial power. It began in 1075 when the pope denied the layman (the emperor) his right to ordain priests. Henry, who opposed the pope, was excommunicated. Abandoned by his subjects and feudal lords, the emperor pleaded with the pope, who was staying in Canossa in northern Italy, and after standing in the snow outside the castle for three days, he was allowed to be excommunicated. Later, Henry succeeded in suppressing the feudal lords with the help of the Rhine cities, and in 1084 he expelled the pope from Rome.

Source: Obunsha World History Dictionary, Third Edition About Obunsha World History Dictionary, Third Edition

Japanese:

1077年に起こった，神聖ローマ帝国皇帝ハインリヒ４世とローマ教皇グレゴリウス７世の争い
教皇権が皇帝権に勝利した事件で，1075年，教皇が俗人（皇帝）の聖職叙任権を否認したのが発端。教皇に反対したハインリヒは破門を宣告された。臣下や諸侯に見捨てられた皇帝は，北イタリアのカノッサに滞在中の教皇に懇願し，城外の雪中に３日間立ちつくして破門を許された。のちハインリヒはライン諸都市の援助などで諸侯の鎮圧に成功し，1084年には教皇をローマから追放した。

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