The atomic radius is determined by assuming atoms to be spheres of a certain size, so that additivity applies to the nearest distance between atoms in a covalent crystal. The atomic radii of a small number of elements are determined for single crystals with clear crystal structures, and the atomic radii of other elements are determined from the nearest atomic distances in a compound. Atomic radii vary depending on the bond type, such as single bond or double bond, but the value for a single bond is usually given. For example, C 0.077, N 0.074, O 0.074, Cl 0.099, S 0.104 nm. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
原子を一定の大きさをもつ球と仮定し,共有結合性結晶内における原子間の最近接距離に加成性が成り立つように定めた原子の半径.結晶構造の明らかな単体結晶について求められた少数の元素の原子半径をもとにして,化合物中の最近接原子間距離からほかの元素の原子半径を定める.原子半径は単結合,二重結合など結合様式によっても異なるが,普通,単結合の値が与えられている.たとえば,C 0.077,N 0.074,O 0.074,Cl 0.099,S 0.104 nm. 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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