A bomb that uses the large amount of energy released by the nuclear fission of uranium (U) or plutonium (PU) in a short time. In a uranium bomb, uranium chunks that do not reach the critical mass required for a nuclear fission chain reaction are placed at intervals, and are quickly combined with the explosive force of gunpowder to exceed the critical mass. This type was dropped on Hiroshima, and it was a gun barrel type in which uranium was placed on both sides of a gun barrel-shaped tube. It was commonly known as Little Boy. The estimated explosive energy is equivalent to 16 kt of TNT. On the other hand, in a plutonium bomb, plutonium is placed in a spherical shape to prevent it from going critical, and gunpowder is exploded around it to compress (implode) the plutonium and make it critical. The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki was of this type. It was called Fat Man because of its thick body. It is said to be equivalent to 21 kt of TNT. The distribution of energy released by the atomic bomb is estimated to be 50% blast, 35% heat rays, and 15% radiation. The world's first atomic bomb test was a plutonium bomb, carried out in Alamagordo, New Mexico, in the United States in 1945. Uranium bombs have been used in combat without any testing. (Koshi Atsumi, Asahi Shimbun reporter / 2008) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
ウラン(U)またはプルトニウム(PU)を短時間に核分裂させ、そのとき放出される大量のエネルギーを利用した爆弾。ウラン原爆では、核分裂連鎖反応を起こすのに必要な臨界量に達しない量のウランの塊を間隔をおいて配置し、火薬の爆発力で一気に合体させて臨界量以上にする。広島に落とされたのがこのタイプで、ウランが砲身状の筒の両側に置かれていたガンバレル型だった。通称リトルボーイ。爆発エネルギーは推定でTNT火薬換算16kt相当。一方、プルトニウム原爆は、臨界にならないようにプルトニウムを球形に配置し、その周囲で火薬を爆発させてプルトニウムを圧縮(爆縮)し臨界にする。長崎に投下された原爆がこの型。胴の太い形からファットマンと呼ばれた。TNT火薬換算21kt相当とされる。原爆によって放出されるエネルギーの分布は爆風50%、熱線35%、放射線15%と推定される。1945年に米国ニューメキシコ州アラマゴードで行われた世界初の原爆実験はプルトニウム原爆だった。ウラン原爆は実験なしで実戦に使用された。
(渥美好司 朝日新聞記者 / 2008年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
<<: Atomic bomb disease - genshibakudansho (English spelling)
…Here, an old woman called Asome burns a kettle t...
It refers to the use of the psychological, physio...
...The Senate, which, together with the Chamber o...
...German Communist. His Chinese name was Li De o...
French composer. Born in Paris. His father was a p...
...Benihi (red cypress) C. formosensis Matsum. gr...
...The establishment of manors based on donated l...
...The following three formulas are well known fo...
A general term for birds in the Podicipedidae fami...
1541-1600 A samurai from the Oda-Toyotomi period....
...He produced few portraits of beautiful women, ...
...Don Juan Manuel, the nephew of the wise king, ...
...The government had already begun to control th...
…(2) A lineage of expressive gymnastics that was ...
728‐825 Arab literary scholar, linguist and philol...