Cable Television - Cable Television (English name)

Japanese: ケーブルテレビ - けーぶるてれび（英語表記）Cable Television

A service or company that transmits television video and audio signals to homes via cable, rather than radio waves. CATV originally referred to Community Antenna Television (CATV) for households that had difficulty receiving terrestrial broadcasts due to being behind mountains or buildings. However, as satellites and other means of multichannel broadcasting became available, more and more companies began to receive the radio waves and retransmit them, or broadcast programs that they themselves produced or purchased. This is called urban cable television. In addition to the introduction of satellite multichannel broadcasting from the end of the 1980s, the recognition of Multiple Systems Operators (MSOs) in 1993 provided a foundation for development. Since then, cable television has grown dramatically, supported by the growing demand for services other than television, such as cable internet and IP telephones. At the end of fiscal 1998, the number of households subscribing to cable television, which provides independent broadcasting, was 7.89 million, a penetration rate of 17.0% of all households, but by the end of March 2007, the number had increased to 20.6 million, a penetration rate of 40%. When terrestrial digital broadcasting began at the end of 2003, each station rushed to switch to digital broadcasting, as they could absorb the demand for watching programs through CATV before the signals were widely available. However, the start of terrestrial digital broadcasting has led to the spread of digital televisions with built-in common tuners, including BS and CS, which have led to an increase in the number of channels, which has made it difficult for CATV to compete. New rivals such as IP broadcasting have also appeared.

(Shinichi Kumamoto, Asahi Shimbun reporter / 2008)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:

テレビの映像・音声信号を無線電波ではなく、ケーブルで家庭に伝送するサービス、あるいは事業者のこと。CATVは元々は山やビルの陰で地上波が届きにくい世帯のための共同アンテナ(Community Antenna Television)をさしていたが、衛星などによる多チャンネルが実現すると、その電波を受けて再送信したり、自ら制作・購入した番組を流したりする事業者が増えてきた。これを都市型ケーブルテレビと呼ぶ。1980年代末からの衛星多チャンネル化に加えて、93年にMSO(Multiple Systems Operators=複数ケーブルテレビ運営会社)が認められたことによって発展の土台を与えられた。その後、ケーブルインターネットやIP電話などテレビ以外の需要拡大を背景に、飛躍的な伸びを見せた。自主放送を行うケーブルテレビの加入世帯は98年度末には789万世帯で、全世帯に対する普及率は17.0%だったが、2007年3月末には2060万世帯、普及率も40%に達した。03年末に地上デジタル放送が始まると、その電波が行き渡らないうちはCATVを通して番組を見たいという需要を吸収できるとあって、各局はデジタル化への対応を急いだ。しかし、地上デジタル放送の開始には、BSやCSを含む共通チューナーを内蔵するデジタルテレビの普及によって、多チャンネル化などCATVのお株を奪う面もある。IP放送など新たなライバルも登場している。

(隈元信一朝日新聞記者／ 2008年)

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