Conjunctiva

Japanese: 結膜 - けつまく
Conjunctiva

It is a mucous membrane that covers the inside of the upper and lower eyelids (palpebral conjunctiva) and folds back at the back to cover the sclera of the eyeball (bulbar conjunctiva). The folded part is called the fornix. It was named after the mucous membrane that connects the eyelid and the eyeball. The conjunctival epithelium is continuous with the corneal epithelium, but the area around the cornea is stratified squamous epithelium, and the rest is columnar epithelium. The space surrounded by the cornea and conjunctiva in a bag shape is called the conjunctival sac, where tears are secreted from the lacrimal gland and which is always moist. The nasal part of the bulbar conjunctiva forms a thick flesh-colored fold called the semilunar fold. The conjunctival epithelial layer also contains cells that secrete mucus called goblet cells. The connective tissue under the conjunctiva is called the subconjunctival tissue, and in the bulbar conjunctiva, except around the cornea, it is rough and does not interfere with eye movement.

[Uchida Yukio]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

上下の眼瞼(がんけん)(まぶた)の裏側を覆い(瞼結膜)、奥で折れ返って眼球の強膜を覆う(球結膜)粘膜である。折れ返る部分を円蓋(えんがい)部という。眼瞼と眼球を結ぶ粘膜ということから名づけられた。結膜上皮は角膜上皮に連続しているが、角膜周囲付近は重層扁平(へんぺい)上皮、その他では円柱上皮である。角膜と結膜で袋状に囲まれたスペースを結膜嚢(のう)というが、ここには涙腺(るいせん)から涙が分泌され、いつも湿潤状態にある。球結膜の鼻側部分は厚い肉色をしたひだとなり、半月皺襞(しゅうへき)という。また、結膜上皮層には杯(さかずき)細胞という粘液を分泌する細胞がある。結膜下層の結合織を結膜下組織とよび、球結膜では角膜周囲を除いて粗であり、眼球運動を妨げないようになっている。

[内田幸男]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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