...A branch of astronomy that observes and studies ultraviolet radiation emitted by stars and galaxies from outside the atmosphere, avoiding absorption by the Earth's atmosphere. Traditionally, this was done using telescopes mounted on stratospheric balloons or rockets, but it became fully-fledged with the Orbiting Telescope (OAO-2) launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in 1968. Since then, about 10 large and small telescopes have been operating in orbit, and the 45-cm International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE), which was launched jointly by the United States and Europe into geostationary orbit above the Atlantic Ocean in 1978, operated for 15 years. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "orbital telescope" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…地球大気による吸収を避けて,大気圏外から恒星や銀河の放つ紫外放射を観測し研究する天文学の一分野。従来,成層圏気球やロケットに搭載した望遠鏡によって行われてきたが,1968年にアメリカ航空宇宙局によって打ち上げられた軌道望遠鏡(OAO‐2)によって本格化した。以後約10台の大小の望遠鏡が軌道上で活動し,アメリカとヨーロッパが1978年に共同で大西洋上の静止軌道に打ち上げた口径45cmの国際紫外探査衛星(IUE)が15年にもわたって稼働した。… ※「軌道望遠鏡」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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