A bird of the family Trogonidae in the order Trogonidae of the class Aves. It is considered one of the most beautiful birds in the world. The female reaches a total length of about 35 cm, while the male reaches about 1 meter including the ornamental feathers. The male's head, neck, back, and upper tail coverts are metallic green, the flight feathers are black, and the chest below the lower chest is red. The beak is yellow. The long feathers that look like tail feathers are not tail feathers, but rather the upper tail coverts, two of which are particularly long. The tail feathers are located under these ornamental feathers. They are found from southern Mexico to western Panama, and live alone in pairs in forests at altitudes of 1,500 meters or more. They feed on insects and fruit, and usually rest on high branches, and when they find prey, they quickly jump out and grab it. They build nests in tree holes and lay two eggs per clutch. Among the ancient Maya and Aztec Indians, this bird was worshipped as the "god of the air," and only the chiefs were allowed to wear its feathers. Today, it is designated as the national bird of Guatemala and is used in the design of the national flag, stamps, coins, etc. The unit of currency in Guatemala is also called the quetzal. [Hiroyuki Morioka] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
鳥綱キヌバネドリ目キヌバネドリ科の鳥。世界でもっとも美しい鳥の一つに数えられる。全長は雌で約35センチメートル、雄は飾り羽を含めると約1メートルに達する。雄は頭頸(とうけい)部・背面・上尾筒が金属光沢のある緑色で、風切(かざきり)は黒く、下胸以下の胸は赤い。嘴(くちばし)は黄色。尾羽のようにみえる長い羽毛は尾羽ではなく、上尾筒が伸びたもので、4本のうちの2本がとくに長い。尾羽はこの飾り羽の下にある。メキシコ南部からパナマ西部まで分布し、標高1500メートル以上の森林に単独かつがいで生息する。食物は昆虫類と果実で、普段は高い枝の上で静止していて、獲物をみつけると、さっと飛び出してつかまえる。巣は樹洞の中につくり、1腹2個の卵を産む。古代マヤおよびアステカ・インディアンの間では、この鳥は「大気の神」として崇(あが)められ、首長だけしかその羽毛を身に着けることができなかった。現在ではグアテマラを代表する鳥として国鳥に指定され、国旗、切手、コインなどのデザインに使われている。グアテマラの貨幣の単位もケツァールとよばれる。 [森岡弘之] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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