Enstatite

Japanese: 頑火輝石 - がんかきせき(英語表記)enstatite
Enstatite

A type of orthopyroxene. Also called enstatite. Columnar crystals are rare, and it is usually fibrous or leaf-like. It is often found as one of the rock-forming minerals in basic or ultrabasic igneous rocks, and can also form veins in these rocks. It is also found in thermal metamorphic rocks and regional metamorphic rocks of ultrabasic origin. It is also found in ferruginous and stony meteorites. The name enstatite was originally used for a very limited chemical composition, but in the definition since 1988 it has been changed to refer to all orthopyroxenes that have more magnesium than iron. Therefore, most of the orthopyroxenes that were previously called bronze or perilla have been unified as enstatite. The English name comes from the Greek word meaning to oppose, because it is highly fire-resistant even when blown with a blowpipe. In Japan, typical enstatite production areas are known to include Horoman in Samani Town, Urakawa County, under the jurisdiction of the Hidaka Subprefecture in Hokkaido, Michimata in Oguni, Miyako City, Iwate Prefecture, and Yabu City in Hyogo Prefecture.

[Satoshi Matsubara]

[References] | Meteorites | Magnetite | Hyperoxerocite | Orthopyroxene | Metamorphic rocks | Magnesium [Supplementary information] | Enstatite (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

斜方輝石の一種。エンスタタイトともいう。柱状の結晶はまれで、普通は繊維状ないし葉片状である。塩基性ないし超塩基性火成岩中に造岩鉱物の一つとしてよく産し、また、それらの岩石中に脈状をなすこともある。超塩基性岩起源の熱変成岩や広域変成岩中にも産する。また、鉄質および石質隕石(いんせき)中にもみられる。頑火輝石という名称は、もともと非常に限られた化学成分のものに対して使われていたが、1988年以降の定義では、鉄よりマグネシウムの多い斜方輝石全体をさす用語に改められた。したがって従来、古銅輝石や紫蘇(しそ)輝石とよばれていたものの多くは頑火輝石に統一された。吹管で炎を吹き付けても耐火性が強いところから、英名は、対抗するという意味のギリシア語に由来する。典型的な頑火輝石の産地として、日本では、北海道日高振興局管内の浦河(うらかわ)郡様似(さまに)町幌満(ほろまん)、岩手県宮古(みやこ)市小国(おぐに)の道又(みちまた)、兵庫県養父(やぶ)市などが知られる。

[松原 聰]

[参照項目] | 隕石 | 塩基性岩 | 古銅輝石 | 紫蘇輝石 | 斜方輝石 | 変成岩 | マグネシウム[補完資料] | 頑火輝石(データノート)

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