The Sutra of Unravelling Mysteries - Gejinmikkyo

Japanese: 解深密経 - げじんみっきょう
The Sutra of Unravelling Mysteries - Gejinmikkyo

A Buddhist scripture belonging to the Yogacara school (Yuishiki school), believed to have been written in the 4th century, was translated into Chinese by Xuanzang in 647 (the 21st year of the Zhenguan era) during the Tang Dynasty. It consists of 5 volumes. There are also other translations, such as the 5-volume Jinmitsuge Datsukiyo (Sutra of the Secret Liberation of Oneself) by Bodhiruci, and a few other partial translations, as well as a Tibetan translation. The original Sanskrit text no longer exists. According to Xuanzang's translation, it consists of eight chapters: (1) Introduction, (2) The Ultimate Truth, (3) The Mind-Consciousness, (4) All Dharma Characteristics, (5) No-Self-Nature, (6) Discrimination Yoga, (7) Earth Perfection, and (8) The Tathagata's Works. The "Understanding the Mysteries of the Buddha" is a sutra that elucidates the teachings of the Buddha's profound mysteries (deeply hidden meanings), and it proposes a new doctrine that further clarifies the ideas of no-self-nature and emptiness taught in the "Prajnaparamita Sutra" and other sutras, which is the Yogacara doctrine. In other words, as the sutra that founded the Yogacara doctrine, it is of great importance in the history of thought. Its main doctrines are the theory of dependent origination of Alaya-vijnana in the third chapter, the theory of the three natures and three non-natures in the fourth and fifth chapters, and the theory of consciousness only through the image gate in the sixth chapter, and these theories became the core from which the Yogacara school's subsequent doctrines were developed. It is quoted in Maitreya's Yogachariah-bhūmi-śāstra, Asanga-śāmahayāna-śāstra, and Goho-śāstra-śāstra-śāstra. There are two commentaries on this sutra in India, one by Asanga-śāstra, and both are contained in the Tibetan translation of the Tripitaka. In China, Enseki's Commentary on the Interpretation of the Sutra of the Perfection of the Absolute Truth still exists.

[Katsuro Nobuaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

仏教経典。瑜伽行(ゆがぎょう)派(唯識(ゆいしき)学派)に属する経典で、4世紀ころの成立と推定され、唐代の647年(貞観21)玄奘(げんじょう)により漢訳された。5巻。異訳に、菩提流支(ぼだいるし)訳『深密解脱経(じんみつげだつきょう)』5巻、その他二、三の部分訳があり、またチベット訳もある。サンスクリット原典は現存しない。玄奘訳によれば、(1)序品(じょほん)、(2)勝義諦相(しょうぎたいそう)品、(3)心意識相品、(4)一切法相(いっさいほっそう)品、(5)無自性相(むじしょうそう)品、(6)分別(ふんべつ)瑜伽品、(7)地波羅蜜多(じはらみった)品、(8)如来成所作事(にょらいじょうしょさじ)品の8章からなる。『解深密経』とは、仏の深密(じんみつ)(深く秘せられた趣旨)の教えを解明した経という意味であって、『般若経(はんにゃきょう)』などに説かれた無自性(むじしょう)、空(くう)の思想をより明確なものに発展させた新しい教義が提唱されており、それが唯識説である。すなわち唯識の教義を創唱した経として、思想史上重要な意義をもつ。そのおもな教義は、第3章に説かれる阿頼耶識縁起(あらやしきえんぎ)説、第4、第5章における三性三無性(さんしょうさんむしょう)説、第6章における影像(ようぞう)門の唯識説などであって、これらの理論が中核となって、その後の瑜伽行派の学説が展開した。弥勒(みろく)の『瑜伽師地論(ゆがしじろん)』、無著(むじゃく)の『摂大乗論(しょうだいじょうろん)』、護法(ごほう)の『成唯識論(じょうゆいしきろん)』などに引用されている。インドにおけるこの経に対する注釈書は、無著の注釈ほか2種のものが存し、いずれもチベット訳『大蔵経』のなかに伝えられている。また中国では、円測(えんじき)の『解深密経疏(しょ)』が現存する。

[勝呂信静]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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