It refers to temporarily mooring a ship in a port, and there are three types: anchoring, buoy mooring, and quay (pier) mooring. This is done for ship repairs and inspections, but the term mooring is also used when a ship is temporarily suspended from operation and moored in a port to reduce ship operations due to a worsening shipping market. In this case, apart from regular lay-up, which is determined by allocating the freight rate based on the annual operating rate, recessionary lay-up is a temporary measure that is taken out of necessity when an economic recession causes ships to become surplus, freight rates to fall, and operation costs cannot be covered. Therefore, whether or not to lay up depends on the lay-up point. The lay-up point is when freight rates fall below the total transportation costs, and the loss that would result from ceasing operations is equal to the total costs required for lay-up. If the ship's freight income falls below the lay-up point, it is considered more advantageous to lay up the ship. [Gozo Toritani] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
船を一時的に港に係留することをいい、錨泊(びょうはく)、浮標係留、岸壁(桟橋)係留の3種がある。船舶の修理、検査などのために行われるが、そのほか、海運市況が悪化し、船舶の稼動を少なくするため、一時的に船の運航を停止させて港に係留する場合にも係船の語が用いられる。 その場合、年間稼動率からその係船率を運賃に割り当てて定める定期的係船は別として、不況的係船は、経済的不況により船が余って、運賃が下がり、運航費を償うことができなくなって、やむをえずとられる臨時的な措置である。したがって、係船するかどうかは、係船点に左右される。 係船点とは、運賃が下がって、それが総運送費を下回るようになった際、運航を中止することにより生ずる損失と、係船のために要する総費用が等しくなる場合で、その船の運賃収入が係船点を下回る場合は、むしろ係船したほうが有利とされる。 [鳥谷剛三] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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